ArticleNature medicine2016
Persisting positron emission tomography lesion activity and Mycobacterium tuberculosis mRNA after tuberculosis cure.
Article in Nature medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 174 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
174 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 305 citations in OpenAlex.
- EANM/SNMMI guideline/procedure standard for [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Guideline
- Gene signature discovery and systematic validation across diverse clinical cohorts for TB prognosis and response to treatment.PLoS computational biology · 2023Pooled it
- The immunoregulatory landscape of human tuberculosis granulomas.Nature immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical testing of drug treatment shortening in patients with TB using PET/CT imaging of lung lesions.Science translational medicine · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Radiological and functional evidence of the bronchial spread of tuberculosis: an observational analysis.The Lancet. Microbe · 2021Trial
- Analysis of cellular and soluble profiles in QuantiFERON nonconverters, converters, and reverters in the Gambia.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2019Trial
- History of tuberculosis is associated with lower exhaled nitric oxide levels in HIV-infected children.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Elucidation of a Human Urine Metabolite as a Seryl-Leucine Glycopeptide and as a Biomarker of Effective Anti-Tuberculosis Therapy.ACS infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Difference in systemic inflammation and predictors of acute exacerbation between smoking-associated COPD and tuberculosis-associated COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseTrial
- Role of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in monitoring treatment response in extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a retrospective observational study.Infection · 2026Article
- Blood transcriptomic signatures predict poor outcomes in drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in Brazil.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Peritoneal tuberculosis.Infection · 2026Article
- Whole-body PET/CT reveals systemic dissemination in spinal tuberculosis: findings from the Spinal TB X cohort.Infection · 2026Article
- Divergent Evolution of Tuberculosis Lesions During Treatment: A Longitudinal CT-Based Analysis of Progression and Regression Patterns.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Host response biomarkers of tuberculosis recurrence and treatment failure.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Proteomic insights into a M. tuberculosis clinical isolate with an increased propensity to form viable but non-replicating subpopulations during acid stress.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Host Serum Biomarker Signatures in Mycobacteriologically Cured Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with Persistent Lung Inflammation on 18F-FDG PET/CT.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- PET/CT imaging of tuberculosis lung lesions in marmosets treated with different drug regimens aligns with human clinical outcomes.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- Distinct mechanisms drive post-antibiotic Tuberculosis relapse post-cure versus post-treatment-failure.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
35 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The absence of a gold standard to determine when antibiotics induce a sterilizing cure has confounded the development of new approaches to treat pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). We detected positron emission tomography and computerized tomography (PET-CT) imaging response patterns consistent with active disease, along with the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) mRNA in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples, in a substantial proportion of adult, HIV-negative patients with PTB after a standard 6-month treatment plus 1 year follow-up, including patients with a durable cure and others who later developed recurrent disease. The presence of MTB mRNA in the context of nonresolving and intensifying lesions on PET-CT images might indicate ongoing transcription, suggesting that even apparently curative treatment for PTB may not eradicate all of the MTB bacteria in most patients. This suggests an important complementary role for the immune response in maintaining a disease-free state. Sterilizing drugs or host-directed therapies, and better treatment response markers, are probably needed for the successful development of improved and shortened PTB-treatment strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.