Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27592281›Full record

ArticleMolecular oncology2016

Citral reduces breast tumor growth by inhibiting the cancer stem cell marker ALDH1A3.

Margaret Lois Thomas, Roberto de Antueno, Krysta Mila Coyle, Mohammad Sultan, Brianne Marie Cruickshank, Michael Anthony Giacomantonio, Carman Anthony Giacomantonio, Roy Duncan, Paola Marcato

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Antitumor effects of volatile components ofFrontiers in oncology · 2026
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  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. The tumor-nerve circuit in breast cancer.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2023
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Margaret Lois ThomasDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Roberto de AntuenoDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Krysta Mila CoyleDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Mohammad SultanDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Brianne Marie CruickshankDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Michael Anthony GiacomantonioDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Carman Anthony GiacomantonioDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Roy DuncanDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Paola MarcatoDepartment of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. Electronic address: paola.marcato@dal.ca.
Dalhousie University · CA

Funding

CIHR MOP-130304CIHR MOP-13723CIHR MOP-57881
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) can be identified by increased Aldefluor fluorescence caused by increased expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3), as well as ALDH1A1 and ALDH2. In addition to being a CSC marker, ALDH1A3 regulates gene expression via retinoic acid (RA) signaling and plays a key role in the progression and chemotherapy resistance of cancer. Therefore, ALDH1A3 represents a druggable anti-cancer target of interest. Since to date, there are no characterized ALDH1A3 isoform inhibitors, drugs that were previously described as inhibiting the activity of other ALDH isoforms were tested for anti-ALDH1A3 activity. Twelve drugs (3-hydroxy-dl-kynurenine, benomyl, citral, chloral hydrate, cyanamide, daidzin, DEAB, disulfiram, gossypol, kynurenic acid, molinate, and pargyline) were compared for their efficacy in inducing apoptosis and reducing ALDH1A3, ALDH1A1 and ALDH2-associated Aldefluor fluorescence in breast cancer cells. Citral was identified as the best inhibitor of ALDH1A3, reducing the Aldefluor fluorescence in breast cancer cell lines and in a patient-derived tumor xenograft. Nanoparticle encapsulated citral specifically reduced the enhanced tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing ALDH1A3. To determine the potential mechanisms of citral-mediated tumor growth inhibition, we performed cell proliferation, clonogenic, and gene expression assays. Citral reduced ALDH1A3-mediated colony formation and expression of ALDH1A3-inducible genes. In conclusion, citral is an effective ALDH1A3 inhibitor and is able to block ALDH1A3-mediated breast tumor growth, potentially via blocking its colony forming and gene expression regulation activity. The promise of ALDH1A3 inhibitors as adjuvant therapies for patients with tumors that have a large population of high-ALDH1A3 CSCs is discussed.

Indexed as

Acyclic MonoterpenesAldehyde OxidoreductasesAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationFemaleFluorescenceGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMice, Inbred NODMice, SCIDMonoterpenesAcyclic Monoterpenesaldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)Aldehyde OxidoreductasesAntineoplastic AgentsBiomarkers, TumorcitralMonoterpenesAldefluorALDH1A3Breast cancerCancer stem cell

Identifiers

PMID27592281
PMCPMC5423215
OpenAlexW2516839465

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.