ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology2016
Pathways for insulin access to the brain: the role of the microvascular endothelial cell.
Article in American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sensory Circumventricular Organ Insulin Signaling in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Regulation.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- State of the Science on Brain Insulin Resistance and Cognitive Decline Due to Alzheimer's Disease.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Exploring the Role of Metabolic Hormones in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Intranasal insulin helps overcome brain insulin deficiency and improves survival and post-stroke cognitive impairment in male mice.Journal of neuroscience research · 2023Article
- Effect of Insulin Receptor-Knockdown on the Expression Levels of Blood-Brain Barrier Functional Proteins in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells.Pharmaceutical research · 2022Article
- A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- The Spatiotemporal Coupling: Regional Energy Failure and Aberrant Proteins in Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The brain as an insulin-sensitive metabolic organ.Molecular metabolism · 2021Review
- The Insulin Receptor Mediates Insulin's Early Plasma Clearance by Liver, Muscle, and Kidney.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Insulin resistance and the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2021Review
- Brain Endothelial Cells Regulate Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Entry Into the Brain via a Receptor-Mediated Process.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Exercise and Vascular Insulin Sensitivity in the Skeletal Muscle and Brain.Exercise and sport sciences reviews · 2019Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Hypothalamic Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Sex differences in the sympathoexcitatory response to insulin in obese rats: role of neuropeptide Y.The Journal of physiology · 2019Article
- Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Central Nervous System Insulin Resistance.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
- Is the Brain a Key Player in Glucose Regulation and Development of Type 2 Diabetes?Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Insulin transport across the blood-brain barrier can occur independently of the insulin receptor.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- Insulin transport into the brain.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2018Review
- The cell biology of systemic insulin function.The Journal of cell biology · 2018Review
- Insulin exits skeletal muscle capillaries by fluid-phase transport.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin affects multiple important central nervous system (CNS) functions including memory and appetite, yet the pathway(s) by which insulin reaches brain interstitial fluid (bISF) has not been clarified. Recent studies demonstrate that to reach bISF, subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) courses through the Virchow-Robin space (VRS) which sheaths penetrating pial vessels down to the capillary level. Whether insulin predominantly enters the VRS and bISF by local transport through the blood-brain barrier, or by being secreted into the CSF by the choroid plexus, is unknown. We injected
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.