ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2016
From Nose to Brain: Un-Sensed Electrical Currents Applied in the Nose Alter Activity in Deep Brain Structures.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulating salience network connectivity through olfactory nerve stimulation.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Stimulating and Recording Brain Signals in an Olfactory Context: Non-Canonical Brain Structures May Contribute to Olfactory Processing - A Case Series.Brain topography · 2026Article
- Transnasal Ventral Brainstem Epidural Electrical Stimulation Enhances Consciousness in Anesthetized Sheep: A Feasibility Study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Skin-Integrated Soft Wearable XR Interfaces for Seamless and Realistic User Experience.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Substitution of human olfaction by the trigeminal system.Science advances · 2025Article
- Past, Present, and Future of Human Chemical Communication Research.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025Review
- Olfactory bulb stimulation mitigates Alzheimer's-like disease progression.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Review
- Olfactory Function and Olfactory Disorders.Laryngo- rhino- otologie · 2023Article
- Interictal osmophobia is associated with longer migraine disease duration.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Article
- Review
- Optimized Electrode Placements for Non-invasive Electrical Stimulation of the Olfactory Bulb and Olfactory Mucosa.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Electromagnetic Brain Stimulation in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
- Reduced olfactory bulb volume in depression-A structural moderator analysis.Human brain mapping · 2018Article
- Electrical stimulation of cranial nerves in cognition and disease.Brain stimulationReview
- Scent and the Cinema.i-PerceptionArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rules linking patterns of olfactory receptor neuron activation in the nose to activity patterns in the brain and ensuing odor perception remain poorly understood. Artificially stimulating olfactory neurons with electrical currents and measuring ensuing perception may uncover these rules. We therefore inserted an electrode into the nose of 50 human volunteers and applied various currents for about an hour in each case. This induced assorted non-olfactory sensations but never once the perception of odor. To validate contact with the olfactory path, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure resting-state brain activity in 18 subjects before and after un-sensed stimulation. We observed stimulation-induced neural decorrelation specifically in primary olfactory cortex, implying contact with the olfactory path. These results suggest that indiscriminate olfactory activation does not equate with odor perception. Moreover, this effort serendipitously uncovered a novel path for minimally invasive brain stimulation through the nose.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.