ArticleViruses2016
Effects of Female Sex Hormones on Susceptibility to HSV-2 in Vaginal Cells Grown in Air-Liquid Interface.
Article in Viruses, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Monkeypox virus replication and host response in vaginal and ectocervical epithelial cells.Virulence · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of TSST-1-induced cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses in human vaginal epithelial cells.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Beyond the Barrier: Epithelial Cells as Immune Sentinels in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Sex hormone-responsive human vaginal epithelial organoids: a novel in vitro platform for studying Chlamydia trachomatis infection.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Modulation of group BInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Engineered Tissue Models to Decode Host-Microbiota Interactions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Analysis of HSV1/2 Infection Reveals an Association between HSV-2 Reactivation and Pregnancy.Viruses · 2024Article
- Lactic acid enhances vaginal epithelial barrier integrity and ameliorates inflammatory effects of dysbiotic short chain fatty acids and HIV-1.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Vaginal epithelial dysfunction is mediated by the microbiome, metabolome, and mTOR signaling.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Single-cell transcriptome profiling of the vaginal epithelium reveals the heterogeneity of suprabasal cells.Precision clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Animal Models for Studying Congenital Transmission of Hepatitis E Virus.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Cell Cultures at the Air-Liquid Interface and Their Application in Cancer Research.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- LAMP3/CD63 Expression in Early and Late Endosomes in Human Vaginal Epithelial Cells Is Associated with Enhancement of HSV-2 Infection.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Three-dimensional models of the cervicovaginal epithelia to study host-microbiome interactions and sexually transmitted infections.Pathogens and disease · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Recent advances in organoid development and applications in disease modeling.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2021Review
- TRIM26 Facilitates HSV-2 Infection by Downregulating Antiviral Responses through the IRF3 Pathway.Viruses · 2021Article
- The Microbiome as a Key Regulator of Female Genital Tract Barrier Function.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The lower female reproductive tract (FRT) is comprised of the cervix and vagina, surfaces that are continuously exposed to a variety of commensal and pathogenic organisms. Sexually transmitted viruses, such as herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), have to traverse the mucosal epithelial lining of the FRT to establish infection. The majority of current culture systems that model the host-pathogen interactions in the mucosal epithelium have limitations in simulating physiological conditions as they employ a liquid-liquid interface (LLI), in which both apical and basolateral surfaces are submerged in growth medium. We designed the current study to simulate in vivo conditions by growing an immortalized vaginal epithelial cell line (Vk2/E6E7) in culture with an air-liquid interface (ALI) and examined the effects of female sex hormones on their growth, differentiation, and susceptibility to HSV-2 under these conditions, in comparison to LLI cultures. ALI conditions induced Vk2/E6E7 cells to grow into multi-layered cultures compared to the monolayers present in LLI conditions. Vk2 cells in ALI showed higher production of cytokeratin in the presence of estradiol (E2), compared to cells grown in progesterone (P4). Cells grown under ALI conditions were exposed to HSV-2-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the highest infection and replication was observed in the presence of P4. Altogether, this study suggests that ALI cultures more closely simulate the in vivo conditions of the FRT compared to the conventional LLI cultures. Furthermore, under these conditions P4 was found to confer higher susceptibility to HSV-2 infection in vaginal cells. The vaginal ALI culture system offers a better alternative to study host-pathogen interactions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.