ArticleOncotarget2016
MXD1 localizes in the nucleolus, binds UBF and impairs rRNA synthesis.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond small molecules: advancing MYC-targeted cancer therapies through protein engineering.Transcription · 2025Review
- MYC Oncogene: A Druggable Target for Treating Cancers with Natural Products.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Dabrafenib Alters MDSC Differentiation and Function by Activation of GCN2.Cancer research communications · 2024Article
- Review
- A high-throughput assay for directly monitoring nucleolar rRNA biogenesis.Open biology · 2022Article
- MYC: a multipurpose oncogene with prognostic and therapeutic implications in blood malignancies.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2021Review
- Article
- Discovery of a novel HDACi structure that inhibits the proliferation of ovarian cancer cellsInternational journal of biological sciences · 2021Article
- The MNT transcription factor autoregulates its expression and supports proliferation in MYC-associated factor X (MAX)-deficient cells.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Reprogramming of Cancer Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Questioned.International journal of stem cells · 2019Article
- Omomyc Reveals New Mechanisms To Inhibit the MYC Oncogene.Molecular and cellular biology · 2019Article
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates nucleolar activity and protein synthesis in MYC-expressing cells.Genes & development · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
MXD1 is a protein that interacts with MAX, to form a repressive transcription factor. MXD1-MAX binds E-boxes. MXD1-MAX antagonizes the transcriptional activity of the MYC oncoprotein in most models. It has been reported that MYC overexpression leads to augmented RNA synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, which is a relevant activity in MYC-mediated tumorigenesis. Here we describe that MXD1, but not MYC or MNT, localizes to the nucleolus in a wide array of cell lines derived from different tissues (carcinoma, leukemia) as well as in embryonic stem cells. MXD1 also localizes in the nucleolus of primary tissue cells as neurons and Sertoli cells. The nucleolar localization of MXD1 was confirmed by co-localization with UBF. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that MXD1 interacted with UBF and proximity ligase assays revealed that this interaction takes place in the nucleolus. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that MXD1 was bound in the transcribed rDNA chromatin, where it co-localizes with UBF, but also in the ribosomal intergenic regions. The MXD1 involvement in rRNA synthesis was also suggested by the nucleolar segregation upon rRNA synthesis inhibition by actinomycin D. Silencing of MXD1 with siRNAs resulted in increased synthesis of pre-rRNA while enforced MXD1 expression reduces it. The results suggest a new role for MXD1, which is the control of ribosome biogenesis. This new MXD1 function would be important to curb MYC activity in tumor cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.