ArticleKorean journal of radiology
Superior Cervical Sympathetic Ganglion: Normal Imaging Appearance on 3T-MRI.
Article in Korean journal of radiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pre-treatment and post-treatment nasopharyngeal carcinoma imaging: imaging updates, pearls and pitfalls.Neuroradiology · 2025Review
- Horner syndrome immediately after deep dissection of upper thyroid pole: a case report and review of the literature.Innovative surgical sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Microanatomical findings with relevance to trigeminal ganglion enhancement on post-contrast T1-weighted magnetic resonance images in dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Ocular Autonomic Nervous System: An Update from Anatomy to Physiological Functions.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Radiological evaluation of the localization of sympathetic ganglia in the cervical region.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2021Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging features of the superior cervical ganglion and expected changes after radiation therapy to the head and neck in a long-term follow-up.Neuroradiology · 2020Observational
- MR Imaging of the Superior Cervical Ganglion and Inferior Ganglion of the Vagus Nerve: Structures That Can Mimic Pathologic Retropharyngeal Lymph Nodes.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2018Article
- High-resolution Imaging of Neural Anatomy and Pathology of the Neck.Korean journal of radiologyReview
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo identify superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (SCSG) and describe their characteristic MR appearance using 3T-MRI. MATERIALS AND
methodsIn this prospective study, we recruited 53 consecutive patients without history of head and neck irradiation. Using anatomic location based on literature review, both sides of the neck were evaluated to identify SCSGs in consensus. SCSGs were divided into definite (medial to internal carotid artery [ICA] and lateral to longus capitis muscle [LCM]) and probable SCSGs based on relative location to ICA and LCM. Two readers evaluated signal characteristics including intraganglionic hypointensity of all SCSGs and relative location of probable SCSGs. Interrater and intrarater agreements were quantified using unweighted kappa.
resultsNinety-one neck sites in 53 patients were evaluated after exclusion of 15 neck sites with pathology. Definite SCSGs were identified at 66 (73%) sites, and probable SCSGs were found in 25 (27%). Probable SCSGs were located anterior to LCM in 16 (18%), lateral to ICA in 6 (7%), and posterior to ICA in 3 (3%). Intraganglionic hypointensity was identified in 82 (90%) on contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images. There was no statistical difference in the relative location between definite and probable SCSGs of the right and left sides with intragnalionic hypointensity on difference pulse sequences. Interrater and intrarater agreements on the location and intraganglionic hypointensity were excellent (κ-value, 0.749-1.000).
conclusion3T-MRI identified definite SCSGs at 73% of neck sites and varied location of the remaining SCSGs. Intraganglionic hypointensity was a characteristic feature of SCSGs.
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