ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2016
Expression of C-Reactive Protein and Serum Amyloid A in Early to Late Manifestations of Lyme Disease.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Borrelia burgdorferi disrupts gut barrier functions and microbiota-antibody interactions.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal symptoms correlate with core clinical features and systemic inflammation in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Designing studies for post-treatment Lyme disease and other infection-associated chronic illnesses.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Biomarker-Based Analysis of Pain in Patients with Tick-Borne Infections before and after Antibiotic Treatment.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Current and emerging approaches for eliminatingFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- C-Reactive Protein: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, False Test Results and a Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Clinicians.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: A systematic review and comparison of pathogenesis.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2023Review
- Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Tick-Borne Diseases.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- A Review of Post-treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Chronic Lyme Disease for the Practicing Immunologist.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2022Review
- Metabolic Response in Patients With Post-treatment Lyme Disease Symptoms/Syndrome.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Lyme Disease in Humans.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Article
- Recent Progress in Lyme Disease and Remaining Challenges.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Measurement of Organ-Specific and Acute-Phase Blood Protein Levels in Early Lyme Disease.Journal of proteome research · 2020Article
- Post-treatment Lyme Disease as a Model for Persistent Symptoms in Lyme Disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Review
- Estimation of cumulative number of post-treatment Lyme disease cases in the US, 2016 and 2020.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Biologic Markers of Antibiotic-Refractory Lyme Arthritis in Human: A Systematic Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2019Review
- Precision Medicine: The Role of the MSIDS Model in Defining, Diagnosing, and Treating Chronic Lyme Disease/Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Other Chronic Illness: Part 2.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Identifying Vancomycin as an Effective Antibiotic for Killing Borrelia burgdorferi.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Recent strategies for the diagnosis of early Lyme disease.Science progress · 2018Review
- C-Reactive Protein Response in Patients With Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Symptoms Versus Those With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInfection with Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, triggers host immune responses that affect the clinical outcome and are a source of biomarkers with diagnostic utility. Although adaptive immunity to B. burgdorferi has been extensively characterized, considerably less information is available about the development of innate acute-phase responses in Lyme disease. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the expression of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA), the prototype acute-phase response proteins, in the context of the varying manifestations associated with Lyme borreliosis.
methodsCirculating concentrations of CRP and SAA in patients with a range of early to late objective manifestations of Lyme disease and in individuals with post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome were compared with those in healthy control groups.
resultsCRP and SAA levels were significantly elevated in early localized and early disseminated Lyme disease but not in the later stages of active infection. Levels of CRP, but not SAA, were also found to be significantly increased in patients with antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis and in those with post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome.
conclusionsThese findings indicate that circulating CRP and SAA levels are highest when the concentration of spirochetes is greatest in skin and/or blood and that levels decline after the dissemination of the organism to extracutaneous sites in subsequent stages of infection. The data also suggest that antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis and post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome are associated with elevated CRP responses that are driven by inflammatory mechanisms distinct from those in active infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.