Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27582900›Full record

ArticleGut pathogens2016

Antimicrobial resistance and integron gene cassette arrays in commensal Escherichia coli from human and animal sources in IRI.

Roohollah Kheiri, Leili Akhtari

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gut pathogens, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled prevalence of Escherichia coli phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles in poultry: systematic review and meta-analysis.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Detecting Class 1 Integrons and Their Variable Regions inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  6. Antimicrobial resistance in food-associatedBioscience of microbiota, food and health · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Genomic Characteristics of a Multidrug-Resistant ST648Infection and drug resistance · 2023
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Antimicrobial resistance in the globalized food chain: a One Health perspective applied to the poultry industry.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2022
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. High incidence of multidrug resistance and class 1 and 2 integrons inVeterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2021
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Live Bacterial Prophylactics in Modern Poultry.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020
    Review
  19. Prevalence of class 1 integron inTropical medicine and health · 2020
    Article
  20. Molecular and Phenotypic Characteristics ofBioMed research international · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Roohollah KheiriMolecular Microbiology, Quality Control Office, Alborz Province Water and Wastewater Company, Karaj, Alborz Islamic Republic of Iran.
Leili AkhtariWater Treatment Plant, Tehran Water and Wastewater Supply and Treatment Company, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe human and animal intestinal tract harbors a complex community of microbes which enables bacteria to inherit antibiotic resistance genes. The aims of this study were to investigate clonality, antimicrobial resistance, prevalence and gene cassette arrays of class I and II integrons among commensal Escherichia coli from human and animals.

methodsA total of 200 E. coli isolates from human, chicken, cattle, and sheep were isolated followed by phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing and detection of class I and II integrons gene cassettes arrays. The clonal relationship of the isolates were analyzed by (GTG)5-PCR.

resultsOf 200 isolates, 136 isolates were multi drug resistance (MDR) including 47, 40, 31 and 18 isolates from chicken, human, cattle and sheep, respectively. Class I integron was detected in 50, 38, 6 and 16 %, while class II was detected in 26, 8, 0 and 4 % of chicken, human, cattle and sheep isolates, respectively. Variable regions were amplified and sequenced. Cassette arrays in class I integrons were: dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12, aadA1, dfrA17 aadA1, aadA22, aadB-aadA2 and dfrA12-orfF-aadA2, and for class II, dfrA1-sat-aadA1, and sat-sat1-aadA1 were detected. Six class I and three class II positive strains did not produce any amplicons for variable region. Integron-positive isolates showed higher rate of resistance to streptomycin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, especially in chicken isolates which were fed antibiotics. Low similarity and great genetic diversity of class I and II integrons carrying isolates indicated no clonal relation.

conclusionsIntegrons encoding for antibiotic resistance are significantly present among non-pathogenic commensal E. coli, especially from the hosts medicated by antibiotics. Uncontrolled use of antibiotics will increase the numbers of multiple drug resistant isolates and integrons prevalence.

Indexed as

Antimicrobial resistanceEscherichia coliGene cassetteIntegrons

Identifiers

PMID27582900
PMCPMC5006490

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.