ArticleJournal of vision2016
The natural statistics of blur.
Article in Journal of vision, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Absolute Distance Discrimination in the Intermediate Distance Mediated by Angular Declination/Elevation and Binocular Disparity Cues.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Focusing on color: How the eye chooses which wavelength to see best.Science advances · 2026Article
- The Richness of Vision in the Mammalian Brain: Neural Codes for Visual Perception and Behavior in Three Dimensions.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Article
- The influence of "advancing" and "receding" colors on figure-ground perception under monocular and binocular viewing.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2024Article
- Factors Affecting Stimulus Duration Threshold for Depth Discrimination of Asynchronous Targets in the Intermediate Distance Range.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Objective Measures of Gaze Behaviors and the Visual Environment during Near-Work Tasks in Young Adult Myopes and Emmetropes.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- The visual benefits of correcting longitudinal and transverse chromatic aberration.Journal of vision · 2023Article
- Minimal theory of 3D vision: new approach to visual scale and visual shape.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Blurring the boundary between models and reality: Visual perception of scale assessed by performance.PloS one · 2023Article
- Convolutional neural networks trained with a developmental sequence of blurry to clear images reveal core differences between face and object processing.Journal of vision · 2021Article
- The blur horopter: Retinal conjugate surface in binocular viewing.Journal of vision · 2021Article
- Vision is protected against blue defocus.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Asymmetries in visual acuity around the visual field.Journal of vision · 2021Article
- Ambient Light Regulates Retinal Dopamine Signaling and Myopia Susceptibility.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- The diversified defocus profile of the near-work environment and myopia development.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2020Article
- Asymmetries in Global Perception Are Represented in Near- versus Far-Preferring Clusters in Human Visual Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020Article
- Mice Discriminate Stereoscopic Surfaces Without Fixating in Depth.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019Article
- Dioptric defocus maps across the visual field for different indoor environments.Biomedical optics express · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Blur from defocus can be both useful and detrimental for visual perception: It can be useful as a source of depth information and detrimental because it degrades image quality. We examined these aspects of blur by measuring the natural statistics of defocus blur across the visual field. Participants wore an eye-and-scene tracker that measured gaze direction, pupil diameter, and scene distances as they performed everyday tasks. We found that blur magnitude increases with increasing eccentricity. There is a vertical gradient in the distances that generate defocus blur: Blur below the fovea is generally due to scene points nearer than fixation; blur above the fovea is mostly due to points farther than fixation. There is no systematic horizontal gradient. Large blurs are generally caused by points farther rather than nearer than fixation. Consistent with the statistics, participants in a perceptual experiment perceived vertical blur gradients as slanted top-back whereas horizontal gradients were perceived equally as left-back and right-back. The tendency for people to see sharp as near and blurred as far is also consistent with the observed statistics. We calculated how many observations will be perceived as unsharp and found that perceptible blur is rare. Finally, we found that eye shape in ground-dwelling animals conforms to that required to put likely distances in best focus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.