Observational studyBMC ophthalmology2016
Four-year observation of predictability and stability of small incision lenticule extraction.
Observational study in BMC ophthalmology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- One year outcomes after small incision lenticule extraction ReLEX in the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism.BMC ophthalmology · 2021Trial
- A Multicenter Study on Early Outcomes of Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction for Myopia.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Visual and refractive outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction planned with a VISULYZE-generated nomogram for myopia and astigmatism: a retrospective comparative study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Biomechanical changes and associated factors of preserved SMILE-derived corneal stromal lenticules.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- VISULYZE-assisted nomogram optimization enhances astigmatism correction accuracy in keratorefractive lenticule extraction: a stratified retrospective analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Hyperopic keratorefractive lenticule extraction.Journal of cataract and refractive surgery · 2026Review
- Evaluating postoperative quality of life and satisfaction in physicians undergoing small incision lenticule extraction.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Adopting machine learning to predict nomogram for small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Comparison of objective visual quality between SMILE and FS-LASIK in moderate-to-high myopia.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Comparison of visual quality after SMILE correction of low-to-moderate myopia in different optical zones.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Influence of optical zone on myopic correction in small incision lenticule extraction: a short-term study.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Twelve-year global publications on small incision lenticule extraction: A bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Effect of SMILE-derived decellularized lenticules as an adhesion barrier in a rabbit model of glaucoma filtration surgery.BMC ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Comparison of the optical quality after SMILE and FS-LASIK for high myopia by OQAS and iTrace analyzer: a one-year retrospective study.BMC ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Refractive and visual outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in eyes with thin corneas.Eye (London, England) · 2021Article
- Functional Optical Zone and Visual Quality After Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction for High Myopic Astigmatism.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2021Article
- Small incision lenticule extraction retreatment in a patient with high residual refractive error after photorefractive keratectomy: A case report.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Early visual quality outcomes after small-incision lenticule extraction surgery for correcting high myopic astigmatism.BMC ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Five-year results of refractive outcomes and vision-related quality of life after SMILE for the correction of high myopia.International journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo investigate long-term refractive outcomes, wavefront aberrations and quality of life after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for moderate to high myopia.
methodsA total of 26 patients (47 eyes) with preoperative mean spherical equivalent (SE) of -6.30 ± 1.47 diopters (D) who underwent SMILE were recruited. The measurements included uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, wavefront aberrations, and quality of life.
resultsAt 4 years postoperatively, UDVA was better than or equal to 20/20 in 92 % of eyes. The efficacy index was 1.07 ± 0.16. 89 % of eyes were within ± 0.5 D of the intended refractive target. No eye lost any Snellen lines. The safety index was 1.16 ± 0.14. No significant changes of SE occurred among postoperative follow-ups at months 1, 3, 6 and years 1, 2, 4 (P > 0.05, Scheffe test). Higher-order aberrations, coma, spherical aberration and higher-order astigmatism increased postoperatively, and no significant changes of aberrations were detected among the 1-month, 6-month or 4-year follow-ups postoperatively (37 eyes). Compared to the spectacles group, the surgery group showed a significantly higher total score on quality of life (45.71 ± 2.61 vs 39.96 ± 3.56, P < 0.001).
conclusionsSMILE provides a predictable and stable correction of moderate to high myopia as documented by long-term follow-up.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.