Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27574415›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2016

Current asthma contributes as much as smoking to chronic bronchitis in middle age: a prospective population-based study.

Shyamali C Dharmage, Jennifer L Perret, John A Burgess, Caroline J Lodge, David P Johns, Paul S Thomas, Graham G Giles, John L Hopper, Michael J Abramson, E Haydn Walters and 1 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Impact of COPD diagnosis timing on clinical and economic outcomes: the ARCTIC observational cohort study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2019
    Observational
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Shyamali C DharmageAllergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne.
Jennifer L PerretAllergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne; Institute for Breathing and Sleep (IBAS), Melbourne, VIC.
John A BurgessAllergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne.
Caroline J LodgeAllergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne.
David P Johns"Breathe Well" Center of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease and Lung Ageing, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS.
Paul S ThomasInflammation and Infection Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW.
Graham G GilesAllergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne; Cancer Epidemiology Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
John L HopperAllergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne; Department of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Michael J AbramsonAllergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC.
E Haydn Walters"Breathe Well" Center of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease and Lung Ageing, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS; School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
Melanie C MathesonAllergy and Lung Health Unit, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne.
The University of Melbourne · AUUniversity of Tasmania · AUCancer Council Victoria · AUSeoul National University · KRThe Alfred Hospital · AUUNSW Sydney · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivePersonal smoking is widely regarded to be the primary cause of chronic bronchitis (CB) in adults, but with limited knowledge of contributions by other factors, including current asthma. We aimed to estimate the independent and relative contributions to adult CB from other potential influences spanning childhood to middle age.

methodsThe population-based Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study cohort, people born in 1961, completed respiratory questionnaires and spirometry in 1968 (n=8,583). Thirty-seven years later, in 2004, two-thirds responded to a detailed postal survey (n=5,729), from which the presence of CB was established in middle age. A subsample (n=1,389) underwent postbronchodilator spirometry between 2006 and 2008 for the assessment of chronic airflow limitation, from which nonobstructive and obstructive CB were defined. Multivariable and multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate relevant associations.

resultsThe prevalence of CB in middle age was 6.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.5, 6.8). Current asthma and/or wheezy breathing in middle age was independently associated with adult CB (odds ratio [OR]: 6.2 [95% CI: 4.6, 8.4]), and this estimate was significantly higher than for current smokers of at least 20 pack-years (OR: 3.0 [95% CI: 2.1, 4.3]). Current asthma and smoking in middle age were similarly associated with obstructive CB, in contrast to the association between allergy and nonobstructive CB. Childhood predictors included allergic history (OR: 1.3 [95% CI: 1.1, 1.7]), current asthma (OR: 1.8 [95% CI: 1.3, 2.7]), "episodic" childhood asthma (OR: 2.3 [95% CI: 1.4, 3.9]), and parental bronchitis symptoms (OR: 2.5 [95% CI: 1.6, 4.1]).

conclusionThe strong independent association between current asthma and CB in middle age suggests that this condition may be even more influential than personal smoking in a general population. The independent associations of childhood allergy and asthma, though not childhood bronchitis, as clinical predictors of adult CB raise the possibility of some of this burden having originated in childhood.

Indexed as

AdultAge FactorsAge of OnsetAsthmaBronchitis, ChronicChildFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLogistic ModelsLongitudinal StudiesLungMaleMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPrevalenceallergy historycurrent asthmanonobstructive chronic bronchitisobstructive chronic bronchitispersonal smoking

Identifiers

PMID27574415
PMCPMC4993278
OpenAlexW2516916220

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.