ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2016
Interpreting BOLD: towards a dialogue between cognitive and cellular neuroscience.
Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Tissue oxygenation dynamics during transition from seizure to spreading depolarization in rat brain.Epilepsia · 2026Article
- Tissue Oxygenation Dynamics During Seizure to Spreading Depolarization in Rat Brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Joint models reveal human subcortical underpinnings of choice and learning behavior.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Closed-loop fMRI at the mesoscopic scale of columns and layers: Can we do it and why would we want to?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Differences in Functional Connectivity between Patients with Depression with and without Nonsuicidal Self-injury.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Cerebral autoregulation, spreading depolarization, and implications for targeted therapy in brain injury and ischemia.Reviews in the neurosciences · 2024Review
- Neural correlates of cognitive control deficits in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
- Failure to breathe persists without air hunger or alarm following amygdala seizures.JCI insight · 2023Article
- The confound of hemodynamic response function variability in human resting-state functional MRI studies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamus: Current approaches and opportunities for the future.Current research in neurobiology · 2023Review
- Hemodynamic correlates of fluctuations in neuronal excitability: A simultaneous Paired Associative Stimulation (PAS) and functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIRS) study.Neuroimage. Reports · 2022Article
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- DynamicMagnetic resonance in medicine · 2022Article
- Thermoheliox: effect on the functional hemodynamics of the human brain.Russian chemical bulletin = Izvestiia Akademii nauk. Seriia khimicheskaia · 2022Article
- Evaluation of movement and brain activity.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Review
- Circuit imaging biomarkers in preclinical and prodromal Parkinson's disease.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2021Review
- Neurovascular coupling and oxygenation are decreased in hippocampus compared to neocortex because of microvascular differences.Nature communications · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cognitive neuroscience depends on the use of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to probe brain function. Although commonly used as a surrogate measure of neuronal activity, BOLD signals actually reflect changes in brain blood oxygenation. Understanding the mechanisms linking neuronal activity to vascular perfusion is, therefore, critical in interpreting BOLD. Advances in cellular neuroscience demonstrating differences in this neurovascular relationship in different brain regions, conditions or pathologies are often not accounted for when interpreting BOLD. Meanwhile, within cognitive neuroscience, the increasing use of high magnetic field strengths and the development of model-based tasks and analyses have broadened the capability of BOLD signals to inform us about the underlying neuronal activity, but these methods are less well understood by cellular neuroscientists. In 2016, a Royal Society Theo Murphy Meeting brought scientists from the two communities together to discuss these issues. Here, we consolidate the main conclusions arising from that meeting. We discuss areas of consensus about what BOLD fMRI can tell us about underlying neuronal activity, and how advanced modelling techniques have improved our ability to use and interpret BOLD. We also highlight areas of controversy in understanding BOLD and suggest research directions required to resolve these issues.This article is part of the themed issue 'Interpreting BOLD: a dialogue between cognitive and cellular neuroscience'.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.