Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27573806›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2017

How do we actually put smarter snacks in schools? NOURISH (Nutrition Opportunities to Understand Reforms Involving Student Health) conversations with food-service directors.

Lindsay E Rosenfeld, Juliana Fw Cohen, Mary T Gorski, Andrés J Lessing, Lauren Smith, Eric B Rimm, Jessica A Hoffman

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lindsay E Rosenfeld1Institute for Child,Youth,and Family Policy,The Heller School for Social Policy and Management,Brandeis University,415 South Street,MS 035,Waltham,MA 02454,USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3219-1967
Juliana Fw Cohen2Department of Nutrition,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Boston,MA,USA.
Mary T Gorski3Department of Health Policy,Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences,Harvard University,Cambridge,MA,USA.
Andrés J Lessing1Institute for Child,Youth,and Family Policy,The Heller School for Social Policy and Management,Brandeis University,415 South Street,MS 035,Waltham,MA 02454,USA.
Lauren Smith4Department of Pediatrics,Boston University School of Medicine,Boston,MA,USA.
Eric B Rimm2Department of Nutrition,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health,Boston,MA,USA.
Jessica A Hoffman7Department of Applied Psychology,Bouvé College of Health Sciences,Northeastern University,Boston,MA,USA.

Funding

Harvard Clinical and Translational Science CenterUL1TR001102 · NCATS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI NADLER, LEE MARSHALL · 2013 to 2017
$106.2M
HEALTH POLICY TRAINING PROGRAMT32HS000055 · AHRQ · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI CUTLER, DAVID M · 1994 to 2024
$7.1M
Nutritional Epidemiology of Cancer Education and Career Development ProgramR25CA098566 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI STAMPFER, MEIR · 2003 to 2013
$4.5M
AHRQ HHS T32 HS000055NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001102NCI NIH HHS R25 CA098566
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveIn autumn 2012, Massachusetts schools implemented comprehensive competitive food and beverage standards similar to the US Department of Agriculture's Smart Snacks in School standards. We explored major themes raised by food-service directors (FSD) regarding their school-district-wide implementation of the standards.

designFor this qualitative study, part of a larger mixed-methods study, compliance was measured via direct observation of foods and beverages during school site visits in spring 2013 and 2014, calculated to ascertain the percentage of compliant products available to students. Semi-structured interviews with school FSD conducted in each year were analysed for major implementation themes; those raised by more than two-thirds of participating school districts were explored in relationship to compliance.

settingMassachusetts school districts (2013: n 26; 2014: n 21). SUBJECTS: Data collected from FSD.

resultsSeven major themes were raised by more than two-thirds of participating school districts (range 69-100 %): taking measures for successful transition; communicating with vendors/manufacturers; using tools to identify compliant foods and beverages; receiving support from leadership; grappling with issues not covered by the law; anticipating changes in sales of competitive foods and beverages; and anticipating changes in sales of school meals. Each theme was mentioned by the majority of more-compliant school districts (65-81 %), with themes being raised more frequently after the second year of implementation (range increase 4-14 %).

conclusionsFSD in more-compliant districts were more likely to talk about themes than those in less-compliant districts. Identified themes suggest best-practice recommendations likely useful for school districts implementing the final Smart Snacks in School standards, effective July 2016.

Indexed as

Guideline AdherenceNutrition PolicySnacksFood ServicesHumansMassachusettsProgram EvaluationQualitative ResearchSchool Health ServicesUnited StatesUnited States Department of AgricultureFood-service directorsSchool healthSchool nutrition guidelinesSmart Snacks in School

Identifiers

PMID27573806
PMCPMC6281435

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.