Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27572647›Full record

ArticleNature microbiology2016

A new view of the tree of life.

Laura A Hug, Brett J Baker, Karthik Anantharaman, Christopher T Brown, Alexander J Probst, Cindy J Castelle, Cristina N Butterfield, Alex W Hernsdorf, Yuki Amano, Kotaro Ise and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1,058 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,058citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1,058 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Microbial ecology of shallow groundwater ecosystems.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. A host-encoded prophage targets a Candidate Phyla Radiation bacterium and shapes episymbiotic interactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Potential plastic biodegradation in lakes worldwide.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

998 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Laura A HugDepartment of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Brett J BakerDepartment of Marine Science, University of Texas Austin, Port Aransas, Texas 78373, USA.
Karthik AnantharamanDepartment of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Christopher T BrownDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7758-6447
Alexander J ProbstDepartment of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Cindy J CastelleDepartment of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Cristina N ButterfieldDepartment of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Alex W HernsdorfDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3737-380X
Yuki AmanoSector of Decommissioning and Radioactive Wastes Management, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki 319-1184, Japan.
Kotaro IseSector of Decommissioning and Radioactive Wastes Management, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki 319-1184, Japan.
Yohey SuzukiGraduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan.
Natasha DudekDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA.
David A RelmanDepartments of Medicine and of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Kari M FinstadDepartment of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Ronald AmundsonDepartment of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Brian C ThomasDepartment of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Jillian F BanfieldDepartment of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tree of life is one of the most important organizing principles in biology(1). Gene surveys suggest the existence of an enormous number of branches(2), but even an approximation of the full scale of the tree has remained elusive. Recent depictions of the tree of life have focused either on the nature of deep evolutionary relationships(3-5) or on the known, well-classified diversity of life with an emphasis on eukaryotes(6). These approaches overlook the dramatic change in our understanding of life's diversity resulting from genomic sampling of previously unexamined environments. New methods to generate genome sequences illuminate the identity of organisms and their metabolic capacities, placing them in community and ecosystem contexts(7,8). Here, we use new genomic data from over 1,000 uncultivated and little known organisms, together with published sequences, to infer a dramatically expanded version of the tree of life, with Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya included. The depiction is both a global overview and a snapshot of the diversity within each major lineage. The results reveal the dominance of bacterial diversification and underline the importance of organisms lacking isolated representatives, with substantial evolution concentrated in a major radiation of such organisms. This tree highlights major lineages currently underrepresented in biogeochemical models and identifies radiations that are probably important for future evolutionary analyses.

Indexed as

PhylogenyArchaeaBacteriaBiodiversityEcosystemEukaryotaEvolution, Molecular

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.