ArticleEpidemiology and infection2016
Short-term effects of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and rainfall on notification rate of community-acquired Legionnaires' disease in four European countries.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seasonality and effects of climatic exposures on community-acquired Legionnaires' disease incidence, Italy, 2005 to 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Incorporating Incubation Period Distributions to Precisely Estimate the Association Between Rainfall and Legionella Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A within-host birth-death and time-dose-response model for Legionnaires' disease.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Weather conditions and legionellosis: a nationwide case-crossover study among Medicare recipients.Epidemiology and infection · 2024Article
- Impact of climate change on amoeba and the bacteria they host.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2024Article
- A review ofFrontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Legionellosis on the rise: A scoping review of sporadic, community-acquired incidence in the United States.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- Impact of climate change on waterborne infections and intoxications.Journal of health monitoring · 2023Article
- Rising Incidence of Legionnaires' Disease and Associated Epidemiologic Patterns, United States, 1992-2018.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Epidemiology of Legionnaires' Disease in Italy, 2004-2019: A Summary of Available Evidence.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Trends in the incidence and mortality of legionellosis in Japan: a nationwide observational study, 1999-2017.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- [Legionelosis en España, 2010-2015].Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2021Article
- Legionnaires' Disease on the Rise in Switzerland: A Denominator-Based Analysis of National Diagnostic Data, 2007-2016.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The association between sporadic Legionnaires' disease and weather and environmental factors, Minnesota, 2011-2018.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Large community-acquired Legionnaires' disease outbreak caused byEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020Article
- Short-term associations between Legionnaires' disease incidence and meteorological variables in Belgium, 2011-2019.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Investigation of atmospheric conditions fostering the spreading of legionnaires' disease in outbreaks related to cooling towers.International journal of biometeorology · 2019Article
- New approach to environmental investigation of an explosive legionnaires´ disease outbreak in Spain: early identification of potential risk sources by rapid Legionella spp immunosensing technique.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- The shift in seasonality of legionellosis in the USA.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Article
- Short-term effects of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and rainfall on notification rate of community-acquired Legionnaires' disease in four European countries - CORRIGENDUM.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Legionnaires' disease (LD) is caused by the inhalation of aerosols containing Legionella, a Gram-negative bacteria. Previous national- or regional-level studies have suggested an impact of climate on LD incidence. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature, rainfall, and atmospheric pressure on short-term variations in LD notification rate. EU/EEA Member States report their LD surveillance data to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Community-acquired LD cases reported by Denmark, Germany, Italy, and The Netherlands with onset date in 2007-2012 were aggregated by onset week and region of residence. Weather variables were extracted from the European Climate Assessment & Dataset project. We fitted Poisson regression models to estimate the association between meteorological variables and the weekly number of community-acquired LD cases. Temperature, rainfall and atmospheric pressure were all associated with LD risk with higher risk associated with simultaneous increase in temperature and rainfall. Temperatures >20 °C were not associated with a higher risk for LD. LD cases occurring during wintertime may be associated with sources less influenced by meteorological conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.