ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2016
Regulatory Cell Populations in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) Patients: Effect of Disease Activity and Treatment Regimens.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dawn of Monitoring Regulatory T Cells in (Pre-)clinical Studies: Their Relevance Is Slowly Recognised.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Multiple sclerosis and autoimmunity: a reappraisal of the evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Oxidized mannan-MOG35-55 conjugate as a platform for antigen-specific immune modulation in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Enhanced Therapeutic Effects of Human Mesenchymal stem Cells Transduced with Secreted Klotho in a Murine Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 Mannan Conjugate Induces Human T-Cell Tolerance and Can Be Used as a Personalized Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Ozanimod-mediated remission in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is associated with enhanced activity of CNS CD27Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The impact of aging and oxidative stress in metabolic and nervous system disorders: programmed cell death and molecular signal transduction crosstalk.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Investigating Serum sHLA-G Cooperation With MRI Activity and Disease-Modifying Treatment Outcome in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Expression of T cell-related lncRNAs in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Autoreactive lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis: Pathogenesis and treatment target.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Myelin Peptide-Mannan Conjugate Multiple Sclerosis Vaccines: Conjugation Efficacy and Stability of Vaccine Ingredient.Vaccines · 2021Article
- Multiple sclerosis patients have reduced resting and increased activated CD4Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Alterations in CD8Pathology oncology research : POR · 2021Article
- Molecular Effects of FDA-Approved Multiple Sclerosis Drugs on Glial Cells and Neurons of the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- CD226 Attenuates Treg Proliferation via Akt and Erk Signaling in an EAE Model.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- HLA-G Expressing Immune Cells in Immune Mediated Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- On the immunoregulatory role of statins in multiple sclerosis: the effects on Th17 cells.Immunologic research · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) of autoimmune etiology that results from an imbalance between CNS-specific T effector cells and peripheral suppressive mechanisms mediated by regulatory cells (RC). In this research, we collected blood samples from 83 relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 45 healthy persons (HC), to assess the sizes of their RC populations, including CD4⁺CD25(high)Foxp3⁺ (nTregs), CD3⁺CD4⁺HLA(-)G⁺, CD3⁺CD8⁺CD28(-), CD3⁺CD56⁺, and CD56(bright) cells, and how RC are affected by disease activity (acute phase or remission) and types of treatment (methylprednisolone, interferon, or natalizumab). In addition, we isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and cultured them with peptides mapping to myelin antigens, to determine RC responsiveness to autoantigens. The results showed decreased levels of nTregs in patients in the acute phase ± methylprednisolone and in remission + natalizumab, but HC levels in patients in remission or receiving interferon. Patients + interferon had the highest levels of CD3⁺CD4⁺HLA(-)G⁺ and CD3⁺CD8⁺CD28(-) RC, and patients in the acute phase + methylprednisolone the lowest. Patients in remission had the highest levels of CD3⁺CD56⁺, and patients in remission + natalizumab the highest levels of CD56(bright) cells. Only nTregs responded to autoantigens in culture, regardless of disease activity or treatment. The highest suppressive activity was exhibited by nTregs from patients in remission. In conclusion, in RRMS disease activity and type of treatment affect different RC populations. nTregs respond to myelin antigens, indicating that it is possible to restore immunological tolerance through nTreg induction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.