ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2016
Management of gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Subepithelial Lesion Observed in Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Guideline
- Multicenter outcomes of endoscopic resection for small non-ampullary duodenal neuroendocrine tumors.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Ligation-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection versus endoscopic submucosal dissection for small gastrointestinal deep-layer lesions: A retrospective cohort study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Article
- A case of gastric neuroendocrine tumor with an unusual morphology.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Gastric neuroendocrine tumors: a comprehensive analysis of clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes from a reference center.Arquivos brasileiros de cirurgia digestiva : ABCD = Brazilian archives of digestive surgery · 2026Article
- Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Morphology, WHO 2022 Grading, and Prognostic Perspectives.Cureus · 2026Review
- Endoscopic submucosal dissection with deliberate muscularis propria exposure for curative resection of a large type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumor: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Duodenal neuroendocrine tumours masquerading as peptic duodenitis, crushed lymphoid aggregates and prominent Brunner glands: some diagnostic pitfalls.Histopathology · 2025Article
- Differences in Endoscopic Features of Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor and Neuroendocrine Carcinoma From a Clinicopathological Perspective.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Subepithelial Lesions Observed in Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.The Korean journal of helicobacter and upper gastrointestinal research · 2025Review
- Gastric Type 1 Neuroendocrine Tumor in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report and Diagnostic Approach Review.Cureus · 2025Article
- STAT3 inhibition mitigates experimental autoimmune gastritis by restoring Th17/Treg immune balance.Immunologic research · 2025Article
- Last decade of advances in gastric neuroendocrine tumors: Innovations, challenges, and future directions.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Endoscopic features of gastric neuroendocrine tumors.DEN open · 2025Article
- Revealing autoimmune gastritis: Polypoid nodule scar development after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer.DEN open · 2025Article
- Review
- Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms: analysis of a cohort of patients followed at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2025Article
- Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors and Pernicious Anemia: A Case Report and Literature Review.Cureus · 2024Article
- Update understanding on diagnosis and histopathological examination of atrophic gastritis: A review.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) are rare neoplasms, like all NETs. However, the incidence of GI-NETS has been increasing in recent years. Gastric NETs (G-NETs) and duodenal NETs (D-NETs) are the common types of upper GI-NETs based on tumor location. G-NETs are classified into three distinct subgroups: type I, II, and III. Type I G-NETs, which are the most common subtype (70%-80% of all G-NETs), are associated with chronic atrophic gastritis, including autoimmune gastritis and Helicobacter pylori associated atrophic gastritis. Type II G-NETs (5%-6%) are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (MEN1-ZES). Both type I and II G-NETs are related to hypergastrinemia, are small in size, occur in multiple numbers, and are generally benign. In contrast, type III G-NETs (10%-15%) are not associated with hypergastrinemia, are large-sized single tumors, and are usually malignant. Therefore, surgical resection and chemotherapy are generally necessary for type III G-NETs, while endoscopic resection and follow-up, which are acceptable for the treatment of most type I and II G-NETs, are only acceptable for small and well differentiated type III G-NETs. D-NETs include gastrinomas (50%-60%), somatostatin-producing tumors (15%), nonfunctional serotonin-containing tumors (20%), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (< 3%), and gangliocytic paragangliomas (< 2%). Most D-NETs are located in the first or second part of the duodenum, with 20% occurring in the periampullary region. Therapy for D-NETs is based on tumor size, location, histological grade, stage, and tumor type. While endoscopic resection may be considered for small nonfunctional D-NETs (G1) located in the higher papilla region, surgical resection is necessary for most other D-NETs. However, there is no consensus regarding the ideal treatment of D-NETs.
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