ArticleAddictive behaviors2017
Prescription opioids prior to injection drug use: Comparisons and public health implications.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- A community pharmacy-led intervention for opioid medication misuse: A small-scale randomized clinical trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Hooked before the first injection: The role of prescription opioids in early injection drug use initiation in San Francisco.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Correlates of duration between initial drug use and first drug injection among people who inject drugs in Iran, 2020.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Long-Term Opioid Therapy and Risk of Opioid Overdose by Derived Clinical Indication in North Carolina, 2006-2018.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Article
- Daily opioid and stimulant co-use and nonfatal overdoses in the context of social disadvantage: Findings on marginalized populations.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- Addressing opioid medication misuse at point of service in community pharmacy: A study protocol for an interdisciplinary behavioral health trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2022Article
- Association Between Prescription Opioid Therapy for Noncancer Pain and Hepatitis C Virus Seroconversion.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Article
- Cumulative protective factors are associated with decreased risk for prescription opioid misuse among high school students.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2021Article
- Potential significance of medicinal plants in forensic analysis: A review.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Review
- Rural-Urban Residence and Maternal Hepatitis C Infection, U.S.: 2010-2018.American journal of preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Challenges Facing a Rural Opioid Epidemic: Treatment and Prevention of HIV and Hepatitis C.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2018Review
- Patterns of Non-injection Drug Use Associated with Injection Cessation among Street-Involved Youth in Vancouver, Canada.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2018Article
- Imaging Sex Differences in Regional Brain Metabolism during Acute Opioid Withdrawal.Journal of alcoholism and drug dependence · 2017Article
- Complexities in understanding and addressing the serious public health issues related to the nonmedical use of prescription drugs.Addictive behaviors · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe intertwining prescription opioid and heroin epidemic is a major public health problem in the United States, with increasing morbidity and mortality among persons who use these substances. We examined differences between persons who reported being hooked on prescription opioids prior to injecting for the first time and those who did not by demographics, injection and non-injection characteristics, and overdose.
methodsBetween June and December 2015, persons who inject drugs were recruited using respondent-driven sampling as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system in Denver, Colorado.
resultsOf 599 participants (median age, 40: IQR, 19-69; 71% male; 58% white, non-Hispanic), 192 (32%) reported being hooked on prescription opioids before they injected for the very first time. Compared to participants who were not hooked before they injected, participants who reported being hooked were significantly more likely to be younger, more recent injectors, report a slightly older age at first injection, and report heroin as the first drug injected as well as the drug most frequently injected. Those who reported being hooked were also more likely to be more frequent users of benzodiazepines, non-injection prescription opioids, and non-injection heroin as well as report injecting on a daily or more than daily basis. Being hooked on prescription opioids prior to injection drug use was associated with a 1.55 (95% CI: 1.14, 2.10) fold increase in the risk of at least one overdose in the past 12months.
conclusionsBeing hooked on prescription opioids prior to injection might result in a higher risk profile for persons who inject drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.