Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2016
Intra-individual changes in Stroop-related activations linked to cigarette abstinence in adolescent tobacco smokers: Preliminary findings.
Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT01145001 (Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation in Adolescent Smokers - Phase IV, Enhancing a High School Based Smoking Cessation Program), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation in Adolescent Smokers - Phase IV, Enhancing a High School Based Smoking Cessation Program
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Threading the Needle: Practical Considerations for Merging Theory-Driven Computational Psychiatry With Data-Driven Analytics to Enhance Precision Health at Scale.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Review
- Impulsivity and Response Inhibition Related Brain Networks in Adolescents With Internet Gaming Disorder: A Preliminary Study Utilizing Resting-State fMRI.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- The Effects of Repeated Dyspnea Exposure on Response Inhibition.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Metabolic alterations in the anterior cingulate cortex and related cognitive deficits in late adolescent methamphetamine users.Addiction biology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdolescence is a crucial time for initiation of tobacco-smoking. Developing more effective treatment interventions for tobacco-smoking in youth is therefore critical to reduce smoking rates in both adolescent and adult populations. Elucidation of the neural mechanisms of successful behavioral change (abstinence) will allow for improvement of therapies based on known brain mechanisms.
methodsTwenty-one adolescent tobacco-smokers (14-19 years) participated in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during performance of a cognitive control (Stroop) task prior to randomization to smoking cessation treatment (trial of combined nicotine replacement therapy/placebo and contingency management for attendance/abstinence; NCT01145001). Fourteen adolescents also participated in fMRI scanning following completion of the six-week trial. fMRI data were analyzed using random-effects models in SPM12. Paired t-tests were used to identify group-level changes (main effect of treatment exposure) in neural functional responses. Regression models were used to identify individual-level changes associated with treatment-outcomes (percent days abstinent, maximum days of consecutive abstinence).
resultsMain effects of Stroop task performance (contrast of incongruent versus congruent trials) were seen across a priori ROIs at both pre- and post-treatment (pFWE<0.05). At the group-level, no changes in neural responses were found following treatment. However, intra-individual reductions in Stroop-related activity (within the insula and anterior cingulate) were positively associated with measures of smoking abstinence during treatment (pFWE<0.05).
conclusionsAbstinence from tobacco during smoking cessation treatment among adolescents is associated with cognitive-control related reductions in neural activity within specific regions (anterior cingulate, insula), suggesting that increases in cognitive efficiency may underlie optimal treatment responses in this population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.