ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2016
Marine Toxin Okadaic Acid Affects the Immune Function of Bay Scallop (Argopecten irradians).
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins: Current Insights into Toxicity, Mechanisms, and Ecological Impacts.Marine drugs · 2025Review
- Differential Proteomic Analysis of Low-Dose Chronic Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning.Marine drugs · 2024Article
- Transcriptome Analysis Reveals MAPK/AMPK as a Key Regulator of the Inflammatory Response in PST Detoxification inToxins · 2022Article
- Review
- Effect of the Algicide Thiazolidinedione 49 on Immune Responses of Bay ScallopMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Integration of Biochemical, Cellular, and Genetic Indicators for Understanding the Aging Process in a Bivalve Mollusk Chlamys farreri.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Article
- Detoxification- and Immune-Related Transcriptomic Analysis of Gills from Bay Scallops (Toxins · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA) is produced by dinoflagellates during harmful algal blooms and is a diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxin. This toxin is particularly problematic for bivalves that are cultured for human consumption. This study aimed to reveal the effects of exposure to OA on the immune responses of bay scallop, Argopecten irradians. Various immunological parameters were assessed (total hemocyte counts (THC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and nitric oxide (NO) in the hemolymph of scallops at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h post-exposure (hpe) to different concentrations of OA (50, 100, and 500 nM). Moreover, the expression of immune-system-related genes (CLT-6, FREP, HSP90, MT, and Cu/ZnSOD) was also measured. Results showed that ROS, MDA, and NO levels and LDH activity were enhanced after exposure to different concentrations of OA; however, both THC and GSH decreased between 24-48 hpe. The expression of immune-system-related genes was also assessed at different time points during the exposure period. Overall, our results suggest that exposure to OA had negative effects on immune system function, increased oxygenic stress, and disrupted metabolism of bay scallops.
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