ReviewWorld journal of virology2016
Intrinsic host restriction factors of human cytomegalovirus replication and mechanisms of viral escape.
Review in World journal of virology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA damage responses in HCMV infection: emerging mechanisms and outstanding questions.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Human herpesvirus 6B U65 binds to histone proteins and suppresses interferon production.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Brain-specific expression of cytomegalovirus immediate early protein 1 disrupts neurodevelopment in mice by inducing neuroinflammation and altering astrocytic metabolism.Virology journal · 2025Article
- An evolutionarily conserved constellation of functional cis-elements programs the virus-responsive fate of the human (epi)genome.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Activation and evasion of inflammasomes during viral and microbial infection.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- The battle between host antiviral innate immunity and immune evasion by cytomegalovirus.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Review
- Human cytomegalovirus UL24 and UL43 products participate in SAMHD1 subcellular localization.Virusdisease · 2022Article
- The human cytomegalovirus decathlon: Ten critical replication events provide opportunities for restriction.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Review
- Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Influences Host circRNA Transcriptions during Productive Infection.Virologica Sinica · 2021Article
- Editorial: Cytomegalovirus Pathogenesis and Host Interactions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Regulation of the MIE Locus During HCMV Latency and Reactivation.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- The Cytomegalovirus Protein Kinase pUL97:Host Interactions, Regulatory Mechanisms and Antiviral Drug Targeting.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Review
- Bright and Early: Inhibiting Human Cytomegalovirus by Targeting Major Immediate-Early Gene Expression or Protein Function.Viruses · 2020Review
- The Fate of Speckled Protein 100 (Sp100) During Herpesviruses Infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Human cytomegalovirus overcomes SAMHD1 restriction in macrophages via pUL97.Nature microbiology · 2019Article
- SAMHD1 Modulates Early Steps during Human Cytomegalovirus Infection by Limiting NF-κB Activation.Cell reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Before a pathogen even enters a cell, intrinsic immune defenses are active. This first-line defense is mediated by a variety of constitutively expressed cell proteins collectively termed "restriction factors" (RFs), and they form a vital element of the immune response to virus infections. Over time, however, viruses have evolved in a variety ways so that they are able to overcome these RF defenses via mechanisms that are specific for each virus. This review provides a summary of the universal characteristics of RFs, and goes on to focus on the strategies employed by some of the most important RFs in their attempt to control human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. This is followed by a discussion of the counter-restriction mechanisms evolved by viruses to circumvent the host cell's intrinsic immune defenses. RFs include nuclear proteins IFN-γ inducible protein 16 (IFI16) (a Pyrin/HIN domain protein), Sp100, promyelocytic leukemia, and hDaxx; the latter three being the keys elements of nuclear domain 10 (ND10). IFI16 inhibits the synthesis of virus DNA by down-regulating UL54 transcription - a gene encoding a CMV DNA polymerase; in response, the virus antagonizes IFI16 via a process involving viral proteins UL97 and pp65 (pUL83), which results in the mislocalizing of IFI16 into the cytoplasm. In contrast, viral regulatory proteins, including pp71 and IE1, seek to modify or disrupt the ND10 proteins and thus block or reverse their inhibitory effects upon virus replication. All in all, detailed knowledge of these HCMV counter-restriction mechanisms will be fundamental for the future development of new strategies for combating HCMV infection and for identifying novel therapeutic agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.