ArticleCancer science2016
Expression of metastasis suppressor gene AES driven by a Yin Yang (YY) element in a CpG island promoter and transcription factor YY2.
Article in Cancer science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Design and Validation of a Predictive Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Genes With Differential Expression Driven by DNA Methylation.International journal of genomics · 2026Article
- Exploring the versatility ofFly · 2025Review
- YY2 Serves as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Immune Microenvironment and Glycolysis in Esophageal Carcinoma.Current genomics · 2025Article
- YY2-DRP1 Axis Regulates Mitochondrial Fission and Determines Cancer Stem Cell Asymmetric Division.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Article
- Homeostasis Imbalance of YY2 and YY1 Promotes Tumor Growth by Manipulating Ferroptosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Roles of transducin-like enhancer of split (TLE) family proteins in tumorigenesis and immune regulation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Review
- Tiny Drosophila makes giant strides in cancer research.Cancer science · 2021Review
- Article
- Biological roles of Yin Yang 2: Its implications in physiological and pathological events.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Review
- The biological implications of Yin Yang 1 in the hallmarks of cancer.Theranostics · 2020Review
- Screening of differentially methylated genes in breast cancer and risk model construction based on TCGA database.Oncology letters · 2018Article
- Article
- Expression of metastasis suppressor gene AES driven by a Yin Yang (YY) element in a CpG island promoter and transcription factor YY2.Cancer science · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We recently found that the product of the AES gene functions as a metastasis suppressor of colorectal cancer (CRC) in both humans and mice. Expression of amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES) protein is significantly decreased in liver metastatic lesions compared with primary colon tumors. To investigate its downregulation mechanism in metastases, we searched for transcriptional regulators of AES in human CRC and found that its expression is reduced mainly by transcriptional dysregulation and, in some cases, by additional haploidization of its coding gene. The AES promoter-enhancer is in a typical CpG island, and contains a Yin-Yang transcription factor recognition sequence (YY element). In human epithelial cells of normal colon and primary tumors, transcription factor YY2, a member of the YY family, binds directly to the YY element, and stimulates expression of AES. In a transplantation mouse model of liver metastases, however, expression of Yy2 (and therefore of Aes) is downregulated. In human CRC metastases to the liver, the levels of AES protein are correlated with those of YY2. In addition, we noticed copy-number reduction for the AES coding gene in chromosome 19p13.3 in 12% (5/42) of human CRC cell lines. We excluded other mechanisms such as point or indel mutations in the coding or regulatory regions of the AES gene, CpG methylation in the AES promoter enhancer, expression of microRNAs, and chromatin histone modifications. These results indicate that Aes may belong to a novel family of metastasis suppressors with a CpG-island promoter enhancer, and it is regulated transcriptionally.
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