ArticlePLoS genetics2016
Glucose Sensor MdHXK1 Phosphorylates and Stabilizes MdbHLH3 to Promote Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Apple.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Responses of Male and Female Cucumber Flowers toPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Light Regulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Plants: From Mechanisms to Applications.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Review
- Loss of the plastidial hexokinase CsHXK3 triggers metabolic starvation and ROS imbalance leading to pollen abortion in cucumber.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Abscisic acid strongly promotes anthocyanin accumulation in grape cell suspensions (Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Gamay Fréaux') independently of glucose concentration.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- SWEET1-mediated glucose transport is crucial for energy availability in Arabidopsis.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Molecular insights into the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in fruits.Horticulture research · 2026Article
- Genome-wide identification of HXK gene families in cucumber and watermelon: CsHXK1 and ClHXK6 play key roles in responding to multiple stresses.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Proteome and Phosphoproteome of Tomato Fruit Identify REDUCED CHLOROPLAST COVERAGE 1a as A Ripening Regulator.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Molecular Interaction of Genes Related to Anthocyanin, Lipid and Wax Biosynthesis in Apple Red-Fleshed Fruits.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- cis- and trans-elements for the transcriptional regulation of sugar responsive genes: from current knowledge to future applications.Plant molecular biology · 2025Review
- Malate metabolism in horticultural crops: mechanistic insights and agricultural practices for quality improvement.Molecular horticulture · 2025Review
- Review
- Two DNA-binding One Zinc Finger transcription factors, MdCDOF3 and MdDOF3.6, accelerate leaf senescence by activatingHorticulture research · 2025Article
- Anthocyanins and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Gene Expression inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Hexokinase Gene Family Under Abiotic Stress in Tomato.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Roles of MicroRNAs in the Regulation of Rice-Pathogen Interactions.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A linker histone acts as a transcription factor to orchestrate malic acid accumulation in apple in response to sorbitol.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Bio-organic fertilizer affects secondary cell wall biosynthesis of Dendrocalamus farinosus by inhibiting the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- Sugar transporters PpSWEET9a and PpSWEET14 synergistically mediate peach sucrose allocation from source leaves to fruit.Communications biology · 2024Article
- The critical roles of three sugar-related proteins (HXK, SnRK1, TOR) in regulating plant growth and stress responses.Horticulture research · 2024Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucose induces anthocyanin accumulation in many plant species; however, the molecular mechanism involved in this process remains largely unknown. Here, we found that apple hexokinase MdHXK1, a glucose sensor, was involved in sensing exogenous glucose and regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. In vitro and in vivo assays suggested that MdHXK1 interacted directly with and phosphorylated an anthocyanin-associated bHLH transcription factor (TF) MdbHLH3 at its Ser361 site in response to glucose. Furthermore, both the hexokinase_2 domain and signal peptide are crucial for the MdHXK1-mediated phosphorylation of MdbHLH3. Moreover, phosphorylation modification stabilized MdbHLH3 protein and enhanced its transcription of the anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, thereby increasing anthocyanin biosynthesis. Finally, a series of transgenic analyses in apple calli and fruits demonstrated that MdHXK1 controlled glucose-induced anthocyanin accumulation at least partially, if not completely, via regulating MdbHLH3. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the mechanism of the glucose sensor HXK1 modulation of anthocyanin accumulation, which occur by directly regulating the anthocyanin-related bHLH TFs in response to a glucose signal in plants.
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