ArticlePloS one2016
HIV-Infected Children Have Lower Frequencies of CD8+ Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells that Correlate with Innate, Th17 and Th22 Cell Subsets.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Partially-functional exhausted CD8+ T cells can contribute to short-term viral suppression: a computational prediction for children with perinatal HIV.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Gut microbiome composition influences immunologic alterations in the blood and gut of HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Effect of fentanyl on HIV expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Aging unconventionally: γδ T cells, iNKT cells, and MAIT cells in aging.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- Current Knowledge of Th22 Cell and IL-22 Functions in Infectious Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Upregulated CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Colonic mucosal associated invariant T cells in Crohn's disease have a diverse and non-public T cell receptor beta chain repertoire.PloS one · 2023Article
- The Emerging Roles of T Helper Cell Subsets and Cytokines in Severe Neutrophilic Asthma.Inflammation · 2022Article
- Human MAIT cells respond to and suppress HIV-1.eLife · 2021Article
- Monkeying around with MAIT Cells: Studying the Role of MAIT Cells in SIV and Mtb Co-Infection.Viruses · 2021Review
- HIV-Associated Interactions Between Oral Microbiota and Mucosal Immune Cells: Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Role of Th22 Cells in Human Viral Diseases.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Systemic Sclerosis Perturbs the Architecture of the Immunome.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- The biology and functional importance of MAIT cells.Nature immunology · 2019Review
- Circulating Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in a Large Cohort of Healthy Chinese Individuals From Newborn to Elderly.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Mucosal Immunity in HIV/SIV Infection: T Cells, B Cells and Beyond.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- Tuning of human MAIT cell activation by commensal bacteria species and MR1-dependent T-cell presentation.Mucosal immunology · 2018Article
- MAIT cells and viruses.Immunology and cell biology · 2018Review
- Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cell Interactions with Commensal and Pathogenic Bacteria: Potential Role in Antimicrobial Immunity in the Child.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT) are innate T cells restricted by major histocompatibility related molecule 1 (MR1) presenting riboflavin metabolite ligands derived from microbes. Specificity to riboflavin metabolites confers MAIT cells a broad array of host-protective activity against gram-negative and -positive bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungal pathogens. MAIT cells are present at low levels in the peripheral blood of neonates and gradually expand to relatively abundant levels during childhood. Despite no anti-viral activity, MAIT cells are depleted early and irreversibly in HIV infected adults. Such loss or impaired expansion of MAIT cells in HIV-positive children may render them more susceptible to common childhood illnesses and opportunistic infections. In this study we evaluated the frequency of MAIT cells in perinatally HIV-infected children, their response to antiretroviral treatment and their associations with HIV clinical status and related innate and adaptive immune cell subsets with potent antibacterial effector functions. We found HIV+ children between ages 3 to 18 years have significantly decreased CD8+ MAIT cell frequencies compared to uninfected healthy children. Remarkably, CD8 MAIT levels gradually increased with antiretroviral therapy, with greater recovery when treatment is initiated at a young age. Moreover, diminished CD8+ MAIT cell frequencies are associated with low CD4:CD8 ratios and elevated sCD14, suggesting a link with HIV disease progression. Last, CD8+ MAIT cell levels tightly correlate with other antibacterial and mucosa-protective immune subsets, namely, neutrophils, innate-like T cells, and Th17 and Th22 cells. Together these findings suggest that low frequencies of MAIT cells in HIV positive children are part of a concerted disruption to the innate and adaptive immune compartments specialized in sensing and responding to pathogenic or commensal bacteria.
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