ArticleFrontiers in psychology2016
The Effect of Head Orientation on Perceived Gaze Direction: Revisiting Gibson and Pick (1963) and Cline (1967).
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dimensional asymmetries in social attention: Dynamic head movements elicit opposite attentional biases in vertical versus horizontal dimensions.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2026Article
- In the eye of the beholder? Gaze perception and the external morphology of the human eye.Journal of vision · 2025Article
- The integration of head and body cues during the perception of social interactions.Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) · 2024Article
- Context Modulates Congruency Effects in Selective Attention to Social Cues.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
- Task Dependent Effects of Head Orientation on Perceived Gaze Direction.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
- Spatial orienting of attention to social cues is modulated by cue type and gender of viewer.Experimental brain research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Two biases in perceived gaze direction have been observed when eye and head orientation are not aligned. An overshoot effect indicates that perceived gaze direction is shifted away from head orientation (i.e., a repulsive effect), whereas a towing effect indicates that perceived gaze direction falls in between head and eye orientation (i.e., an attraction effect). In the 60s, three influential papers have been published with respect to the effect of head orientation on perceived gaze direction (Gibson and Pick, 1963; Cline, 1967; Anstis et al., 1969). Throughout the years, the results of two of these (Gibson and Pick, 1963; Cline, 1967) have been interpreted differently by a number of authors. In this paper, we critically discuss potential sources of confusion that have led to differential interpretations of both studies. At first sight, the results of Cline (1967), despite having been a major topic of discussion, unambiguously seem to indicate a towing effect whereas Gibson and Pick's (1963) results seem to be the most ambiguous, although they have never been questioned in the literature. To shed further light on this apparent inconsistency, we repeated the critical experiments reported in both studies. Our results indicate an overshoot effect in both studies.
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