ArticleNature communications2016
Microglia contact induces synapse formation in developing somatosensory cortex.
Article in Nature communications, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 402 papers.
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Who cites it
402 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Neonatal inflammation disrupts a temporally restricted postnatal Numb-enriched microglial state in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Microglial maturation across human and mouse as a reference for interpreting large-animal models of perinatal brain injury.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Corticosterone-linked microglial activity underpins sexually dimorphic neuroplasticity after ketamine anesthesia.Science advances · 2026Article
- Positive selection on brain cis-regulatory elements in the human lineage drives changes in gene expression and susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders.HGG advances · 2026Article
- CaMKIIα inhibition facilitates functional recovery after preterm hypoxic-ischemic brain injury by disrupting microglial GPNMB signaling.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiome in Early Ontogeny: Implications for Brain and Immune System Development.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Review
- AXIS of excitability: microglia promote neuronal firing.Cell research · 2026Article
- The axon initial segment-associated microglia regulate neuronal activity and visual perception.Cell research · 2026Article
- Control of microglial dynamics by the Arp2/3 complex and the autism- and schizophrenia-associated protein CYFIP1.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Neuronal Calcium Signaling and Cytoskeletal Dynamics in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- APOE-mediated lipid transport prevents C1q-related synaptic loss after spinal cord injury via attenuating macrophage lipid stress.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Extracellular matrix proteolysis maintains synapse plasticity during brain development.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
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- Microglia-Neuron Crosstalk: An Intimate Molecular Conversation in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
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- Microglial Maturation and Functional Heterogeneity: Mechanistic Links to Neurodevelopmental Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
342 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microglia are the immune cells of the central nervous system that play important roles in brain pathologies. Microglia also help shape neuronal circuits during development, via phagocytosing weak synapses and regulating neurogenesis. Using in vivo multiphoton imaging of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in the developing somatosensory cortex, we demonstrate here that microglial contact with dendrites directly induces filopodia formation. This filopodia formation occurs only around postnatal day 8-10, a period of intense synaptogenesis and when microglia have an activated phenotype. Filopodia formation is preceded by contact-induced Ca(2+) transients and actin accumulation. Inhibition of microglia by genetic ablation decreases subsequent spine density, functional excitatory synapses and reduces the relative connectivity from layer 4 neurons. Our data provide the direct demonstration of microglial-induced spine formation and provide further insights into immune system regulation of neuronal circuit development, with potential implications for developmental disorders of immune and brain dysfunction.
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