Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27557596›Full record

ReviewWiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)2016

Iron deficiency or anemia of inflammation? : Differential diagnosis and mechanisms of anemia of inflammation.

Manfred Nairz, Igor Theurl, Dominik Wolf, Günter Weiss

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03748043 (the Effectiveness of Lactoferrin in Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children With Chronic Tonsillitis), which is not on this map. Cited by 60 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03748043 phase4unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

the Effectiveness of Lactoferrin in Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children With Chronic Tonsillitis

TypeinterventionalSponsorSouth Valley UniversityRan2019 to 2019Enrolled100ConditionsIron-deficiencyArmsLactoferrin, Ferric Hydroxide Polymaltose
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Anaemia: A Scientific Overview on Types and Recent Advancements in the Detection of Anaemia.Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Evaluation of Serum Iron and Platelet Parameters in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Biology of Anemia: A Public Health Perspective.The Journal of nutrition · 2023
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Manfred NairzDepartment of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. manfred.nairz@i-med.ac.at.
Igor TheurlDepartment of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
Dominik WolfMedical Clinic III, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Rheumatology, University Clinic Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany.
Günter WeissDepartment of Internal Medicine VI, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pneumology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. guenter.weiss@i-med.ac.at.

Funding

Austrian Science Fund FWF P 24749Austrian Science Fund FWF P 28302
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Iron deficiency and immune activation are the two most frequent causes of anemia, both of which are based on disturbances of iron homeostasis. Iron deficiency anemia results from a reduction of the body's iron content due to blood loss, inadequate dietary iron intake, its malabsorption, or increased iron demand. Immune activation drives a diversion of iron fluxes from the erythropoietic bone marrow, where hemoglobinization takes place, to storage sites, particularly the mononuclear phagocytes system in liver and spleen. This results in iron-limited erythropoiesis and anemia. This review summarizes current diagnostic and pathophysiological concepts of iron deficiency anemia and anemia of inflammation, as well as combined conditions, and provides a brief outlook on novel therapeutic options.

Indexed as

Anemia, Iron-DeficiencyAnimalsDiagnosis, DifferentialErythropoiesisFerritinsHemoglobinometryHepcidinsHomeostasisHumansInflammationInflammation MediatorsIronMacrophagesFerritinsHepcidinsInflammation MediatorsIronAnemia of chronic diseaseAnemia of inflammationHepcidinIronMacrophage

Identifiers

PMID27557596
PMCPMC5065583

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.