ArticlePloS one2016
Association of a PAI-1 Gene Polymorphism and Early Life Infections with Asthma Risk, Exacerbations, and Reduced Lung Function.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Soy isoflavones reduce asthma exacerbation in asthmatic patients with high PAI-1-producing genotypes.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Trial
- SERPINE1 promoter variants and differential airway responses to virus and biological therapy.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Elevated plasma level of PAI-1 is associated with severe COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The PRIMERO birth cohort: Design and baseline characteristics.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Article
- PAI-1 gain-of-function genotype, factors increasing PAI-1 levels, and airway obstruction: The GALA II Cohort.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 12 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is induced in airways by virus and may mediate asthmatic airway remodeling. We sought to evaluate if genetic variants and early life lower respiratory infections jointly affect asthma risk.
methodsWe included Latino children, adolescents, and young adults aged 8-21 years (1736 subjects with physician-diagnosed asthma and 1747 healthy controls) from five U.S. centers and Puerto Rico after excluding subjects with incomplete clinical or genetic data. We evaluated the independent and joint effects of a PAI-1 gain of function polymorphism and bronchiolitis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) or other lower respiratory infections (LRI) within the first 2 years of life on asthma risk, asthma exacerbations and lung function.
resultsRSV infection (OR 9.9, 95%CI 4.9-20.2) and other LRI (OR 9.1, 95%CI 7.2-11.5) were independently associated with asthma, but PAI-1 genotype was not. There were joint effects on asthma risk for both genotype-RSV (OR 17.7, 95% CI 6.3-50.2) and genotype-LRI (OR 11.7, 95% CI 8.8-16.4). A joint effect of genotype-RSV resulted in a 3.1-fold increased risk for recurrent asthma hospitalizations. In genotype-respiratory infection joint effect analysis, FEV1% predicted and FEV1/FVC % predicted were further reduced in the genotype-LRI group (β -2.1, 95% CI -4.0 to -0.2; β -2.0, 95% CI -3.1 to -0.8 respectively). Similarly, lower FEV1% predicted was noted in genotype-RSV group (β -3.1, 95% CI -6.1 to -0.2) with a trend for lower FEV1/FVC % predicted.
conclusionsA genetic variant of PAI-1 together with early life LRI such as RSV bronchiolitis is associated with an increased risk of asthma, morbidity, and reduced lung function in this Latino population.
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