ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
Hedgehog-dependent E3-ligase Midline1 regulates ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of Pax6 during visual system development.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Dynamic allele usage of X-linked genes ameliorates neurodevelopmental disease phenotypes in brain organoids.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Selective promotion of sensory innervation-mediated immunoregulation for tissue repair.Science advances · 2025Article
- Signaling - transcription interactions in mouse retinal ganglion cells early axon pathfinding -a literature review.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Cell fate decisions, transcription factors and signaling during early retinal development.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2022Review
- TRIM18 is a critical regulator of viral myocarditis and organ inflammation.Journal of biomedical science · 2022Article
- Zic5 stabilizes Gli3 via a non-transcriptional mechanism during retinal development.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Oligomerization of Selective Autophagy Receptors for the Targeting and Degradation of Protein Aggregates.Cells · 2021Review
- Ubiquitin E3 ligase MID1 inhibits the innate immune response by ubiquitinating IRF3.Immunology · 2021Article
- E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated regulation of vertebrate ocular development; new insights into the function of SIAH enzymes.Biochemical Society transactions · 2021Review
- Review
- The hedgehog pathway and ocular developmental anomalies.Human genetics · 2019Review
- Emerging Roles of the TRIM E3 Ubiquitin Ligases MID1 and MID2 in Cytokinesis.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Pax6 Lengthens G1 Phase and Decreases Oscillating Cdk6 Levels in Murine Embryonic Cortical Progenitors.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2018Article
- Ubiquitylation at the crossroads of development and disease.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2018Review
- Signaling and Gene Regulatory Networks in Mammalian Lens Development.Trends in genetics : TIG · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pax6 is a key transcription factor involved in eye, brain, and pancreas development. Although pax6 is expressed in the whole prospective retinal field, subsequently its expression becomes restricted to the optic cup by reciprocal transcriptional repression of pax6 and pax2 However, it remains unclear how Pax6 protein is removed from the eyestalk territory on time. Here, we report that Mid1, a member of the RBCC/TRIM E3 ligase family, which was first identified in patients with the X-chromosome-linked Opitz BBB/G (OS) syndrome, interacts with Pax6. We found that the forming eyestalk is a major domain of mid1 expression, controlled by the morphogen Sonic hedgehog (Shh). Here, Mid1 regulates the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Pax6 protein. Accordantly, when Mid1 levels are knocked down, Pax6 expression is expanded and eyes are enlarged. Our findings indicate that remaining or misaddressed Pax6 protein is cleared from the eyestalk region to properly set the border between the eyestalk territory and the retina via Mid1. Thus, we identified a posttranslational mechanism, regulated by Sonic hedgehog, which is important to suppress Pax6 activity and thus breaks pax6 autoregulation at defined steps during the formation of the visual system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.