ArticleKidney international2016
Twenty years of evolving trends in racial disparities for adult kidney transplant recipients.
Article in Kidney international, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06182475 (Increasing Equity in Live Donor Kidney Transplantation Through Effective Patient-Provider Communication), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Increasing Equity in Live Donor Kidney Transplantation Through Effective Patient-Provider Communication
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health Disparities in Kidney Transplantation for African Americans.American journal of nephrology · 2017Pooled it
- Assessing health care disparities in US organ procurement organizations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Multifaceted Intervention to Improve Graft Outcome Disparities in African American Kidney Transplants (MITIGAAT Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- Identifying when racial and ethnic disparities arise along the continuum of transplant care: a national registry study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Promoting Equity In Clinical Decision Making: Dismantling Race-Based Medicine.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2023Article
- Effects of recipient education disparity on living donor kidney transplant outcomes across different ethnic groups: a retrospective study in the United States.Translational andrology and urology · 2023Article
- Expanding Access to Living Donor Kidney Transplants Through Social Networks.Kidney medicine · 2023Article
- Race and ethnicity: Risk factors for fungal infections?PLoS pathogens · 2023Review
- Impact ofTransplantation direct · 2022Article
- The impact of race on metabolic, graft, and patient outcomes after pancreas transplantation.American journal of surgery · 2022Article
- Racial Difference in the Association of Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter (PMInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Does Racial Disparity in Kidney Transplant Waitlisting Persist After Accounting for Social Determinants of Health?Transplantation · 2020Article
- Unexpected Race and Ethnicity Differences in the US National Veterans Affairs Kidney Transplant Program.Transplantation · 2019Article
- Emotional Communication in HIV Care: An Observational Study of Patients' Expressed Emotions and Clinician Response.AIDS and behavior · 2019Observational
- The impact of time-varying clinical surrogates on disparities in African-American kidney transplant recipients - a retrospective longitudinal cohort study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2019Article
- Pharmacist-Led, Technology-Assisted Study to Improve Medication Safety, Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control, and Racial Disparities in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy : JACCP · 2018Article
- Transplant Center Variability in Disparities for African-American Kidney Transplant Recipients.Annals of transplantation · 2018Article
- Tacrolimus Trough Concentration Variability and Disparities in African American Kidney Transplantation.Transplantation · 2017Article
- Readability, content analysis, and racial/ethnic diversity of online living kidney donation information.Clinical transplantation · 2017Article
- Barriers to living donor kidney transplantation in the United Kingdom: a national observational study.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2017Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Disparities in outcomes for African American (AA) kidney transplant recipients have persisted for 40 years without a comprehensive analysis of evolving trends in the risks associated with this disparity. Here we analyzed U.S. transplant registry data, which included adult Caucasian or AA solitary kidney recipients undergoing transplantation between 1990 and 2009 comprising 202,085 transplantations. During this 20-year period, the estimated rate of 5-year graft loss decreased from 27.6% to 12.8%. Notable trends in baseline characteristics that significantly differed by race over time included the following: increased prevalence of diabetes from 2001 to 2009 in AAs (5-year slope difference: 3.4%), longer time on the waiting list (76.5 more days per 5 years in AAs), fewer living donors in AAs from 2003 to 2009 (5-year slope difference: -3.36%), more circulatory death donors in AAs from 2000-09 (5-year slope difference: 1.78%), and a slower decline in delayed graft function in AAs (5-year slope difference: 0.85%). The absolute risk difference between AAs and Caucasians for 5-year graft loss significantly declined over time (-0.92% decrease per 5 years), whereas the relative risk difference actually significantly increased (3.4% increase per 5 years). These results provide a mixed picture of both promising and concerning trends in disparities for AA kidney transplant recipients. Thus, although the disparity for graft loss has significantly improved, equity is still far off, and other disparities, including living donation rates and delayed graft function rates, have widened during this time.
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