Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27554261›Full record

ReviewMycotoxin research2016

Impact of food processing and detoxification treatments on mycotoxin contamination.

Petr Karlovsky, Michele Suman, Franz Berthiller, Johan De Meester, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Irène Perrin, Isabelle P Oswald, Gerrit Speijers, Alessandro Chiodini, Tobias Recker and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Mycotoxin research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 192 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
192citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
99.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

192 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 644 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Occurrence and Co-Occurrence of Regulated and Emerging Mycotoxins in Foods Marketed to U.S. Toddlers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
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132 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.

Petr KarlovskyMolecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Grisebachstrasse6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
Michele SumanBarilla G. R. F.lli SpA, Advanced Laboratory Research, via Mantova 166, 43122, Parma, Italy.
Franz BerthillerChristian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism, Department IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria.
Johan De MeesterCargill R&D Center Europe, Havenstraat 84, B-1800, Vilvoorde, Belgium.
Gerhard EisenbrandDepartment of Chemistry, Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Germany (retired), University of Kaiserslautern, P.O.Box 3049, 67653, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Irène PerrinNestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, PO Box 44, 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
Isabelle P OswaldINRA, UMR 1331 ToxAlim, Research Center in Food Toxicology, 180 chemin de Tournefeuille, BP93173, 31027, Toulouse, France.
Gerrit SpeijersGeneral Health Effects Toxicology Safety Food (GETS), Winterkoning 7, 34353 RN, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
Alessandro ChiodiniInternational Life Sciences Institute-ILSI Europe, Avenue E. Mounier 83, Box 6, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
Tobias ReckerInternational Life Sciences Institute-ILSI Europe, Avenue E. Mounier 83, Box 6, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
Pierre DussortInternational Life Sciences Institute-ILSI Europe, Avenue E. Mounier 83, Box 6, 1200, Brussels, Belgium. publications@ilsieurope.be.
International Life Sciences Institute Europe · BEBarilla (Italy) · ITBOKU University · ATCargill (Belgium) · BENestlé (Switzerland) · CHToxalim Research Centre in Food Toxicology · FRUniversity of Göttingen · DEUniversity of Kaiserslautern · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites commonly occurring in food, which pose a health risk to the consumer. Maximum levels for major mycotoxins allowed in food have been established worldwide. Good agricultural practices, plant disease management, and adequate storage conditions limit mycotoxin levels in the food chain yet do not eliminate mycotoxins completely. Food processing can further reduce mycotoxin levels by physical removal and decontamination by chemical or enzymatic transformation of mycotoxins into less toxic products. Physical removal of mycotoxins is very efficient: manual sorting of grains, nuts, and fruits by farmers as well as automatic sorting by the industry significantly lowers the mean mycotoxin content. Further processing such as milling, steeping, and extrusion can also reduce mycotoxin content. Mycotoxins can be detoxified chemically by reacting with food components and technical aids; these reactions are facilitated by high temperature and alkaline or acidic conditions. Detoxification of mycotoxins can also be achieved enzymatically. Some enzymes able to transform mycotoxins naturally occur in food commodities or are produced during fermentation but more efficient detoxification can be achieved by deliberate introduction of purified enzymes. We recommend integrating evaluation of processing technologies for their impact on mycotoxins into risk management. Processing steps proven to mitigate mycotoxin contamination should be used whenever necessary. Development of detoxification technologies for high-risk commodities should be a priority for research. While physical techniques currently offer the most efficient post-harvest reduction of mycotoxin content in food, biotechnology possesses the largest potential for future developments.

Indexed as

Food ContaminationDecontaminationFood HandlingHumansMycotoxinsPoisoningMycotoxinsBiological detoxificationChemical treatmentDecontaminationMitigationNatural toxinsPhysical methods

Identifiers

PMID27554261
PMCPMC5063913
OpenAlexW2515603318

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.