ArticleOphthalmology2016
Prospective Study of Oral Health and Risk of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Men: Data from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study.
Article in Ophthalmology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbial characterization of oral microbiome in patients with open-angle glaucoma.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Role of Viral Infection and Microbial Dysbiosis in Glaucoma: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Strategies.Viruses · 2026Review
- The Ocular Surface Microbiome in Homeostasis and Dysbiosis.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Microbial Dynamics in Ophthalmic Health: Exploring the Interplay between Human Microbiota and Glaucoma Pathogenesis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Glaucoma Patients Have a Lower Abundance of Butyrate-Producing Taxa in the Gut.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Evaluation of periodontal health among old Indian patients with glaucoma and chronic tonsillitis.Bioinformation · 2024Article
- Fecal microbiota transplantation for glaucoma; a potential emerging treatment strategy.Current research in microbial sciences · 2024Review
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Glaucoma Progression and Other Retinal Diseases.The American journal of pathology · 2023Review
- Microbiome Dysbiosis: A Pathological Mechanism at the Intersection of Obesity and Glaucoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Oral Health and Risk of Retinal Vascular Occlusions: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Topical Glaucoma Therapy Is Associated With Alterations of the Ocular Surface Microbiome.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Review
- Do Oral Pathogens Inhabit the Eye and Play a Role in Ocular Diseases?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Role of LINC01133 in Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells by Targeting miR-199b-5p.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2022Article
- A Component or Multiple Components of Bleeding Gums May Ameliorate Both Glaucoma and Alzheimer's Disease.Cureus · 2022Article
- Gut Microbes and Eye Disease.Ophthalmic research · 2022Review
- Influence of gut microbiota on eye diseases: an overview.Annals of medicine · 2021Review
- T Cell-Mediated Autoimmunity in Glaucoma Neurodegeneration.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Periodontitis and the subsequent risk of glaucoma: results from the real-world practice.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Do epigenetic changes caused by commensal microbiota contribute to development of ocular disease? A review of evidence.Human genomics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTooth loss or periodontal disease is associated with systemic endothelial dysfunction, which has been implicated in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The relationship between oral health and POAG has received limited attention. Thus, we evaluated the association between oral health history and risk of POAG and POAG subtypes.
designProspective cohort study.
participantsHealth Professionals Follow-up Study participants (40 536 men) followed biennially from 1986 to 2012. At each 2-year risk period, eligible participants were aged 40+ years, were free of POAG, and reported eye examinations.
methodsBy using validated questions, we updated participants' status on number of natural teeth, teeth lost, periodontal disease with bone loss, and root canal treatments.
main outcome measuresDuring follow-up, 485 incident cases of POAG were confirmed with medical records and classified into subtypes defined by intraocular pressure (IOP; ≥ or <22 mmHg) or visual field (VF) loss pattern at diagnosis (peripheral loss only or early paracentral loss). Multivariable relative risks (MVRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated.
resultsNumber of natural teeth, periodontal disease, and root canal treatment were not associated with POAG. However, compared with no report of tooth loss, a report of losing teeth within the past 2 years was associated with a 1.45-fold increased risk of POAG (95% CI, 1.06-1.97); in particular, a report within the past 2 years of both losing teeth and having a prevalent diagnosis of periodontal disease was associated with a 1.85-fold increased risk of POAG (95% CI, 1.07-3.18). The associations with recent tooth loss were not significantly different for the POAG subtypes (P for heterogeneity ≥0.36), although associations were strongest in relation to the POAG subtypes with IOP <22 mmHg (MVRR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.09-3.43) and early paracentral VF loss (MVRR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.32-3.88).
conclusionsAlthough the number of natural teeth was not associated with risk of POAG, recent tooth loss was associated with an increased risk of POAG. Because these findings may be due to chance, they need confirmation in larger studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.