Observational studyAddiction (Abingdon, England)2016
Non-medical use of prescription opioids is associated with heroin initiation among US veterans: a prospective cohort study.
Observational study in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04901312 (Identifying an Effective and Cost Beneficial Approach to Preventing OUD in Justice-Involved Youth), which is not on this map. Cited by 56 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Identifying an Effective and Cost Beneficial Approach to Preventing OUD in Justice-Involved Youth
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global patterns of opioid use and dependence: harms to populations, interventions, and future action.Lancet (London, England) · 2019Pooled it
- Global prevalence of injecting drug use and sociodemographic characteristics and prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV in people who inject drugs: a multistage systematic review.The Lancet. Global health · 2017Pooled it
- Yoga for Military Veterans with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Trial
- Article
- Article
- Associations Between Reductions in Depressive Symptoms and Reductions in Pain and Anxiety Symptoms and Substance Use: Emulation of a Randomized Trial.AJPM focus · 2024Article
- Neuroplasticity-related genes correlate with individual differences in distinct phases of oxycodone self-administration in male rats.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- A Mobile App for Postoperative Pain Management Among Older Veterans Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Acceptability Pilot Study.JMIR perioperative medicine · 2023Article
- Past-year medical and non-medical opioid use by HIV status in a nationally representative US sample: Implications for HIV and substance use service integration.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- Trajectories of non-prescribed buprenorphine and other opioid use: A multi-trajectory latent class growth analysis.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- Cessation of self-reported opioid use and impacts on co-occurring health conditions.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- U.S. Military veterans and the opioid overdose crisis: a review of risk factors and prevention efforts.Annals of medicine · 2022Review
- Opioid overdose survivors: Medications for opioid use disorder and risk of repeat overdose in Medicaid patients.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Prescription opioid treatment for non-cancer pain and initiation of injection drug use: large retrospective cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2021Article
- Long-term Patterns of Self-reported Opioid Use, VACS Index, and Mortality Among People with HIV Engaged in Care.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Epigenetic Alterations in Prescription Opioid Misuse: New Strategies for Precision Pain Management.Genes · 2021Review
- Guidelines for Opioid Prescribing in Children and Adolescents After Surgery: An Expert Panel Opinion.JAMA surgery · 2021Review
- Reasons for Prescription Opioid Use While Playing in the National Football League as Risk Factors for Current Use and Misuse Among Former Players.Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine · 2020Article
- Situating the Continuum of Overdose Risk in the Social Determinants of Health: A New Conceptual Framework.The Milbank quarterly · 2020Article
- Trajectories of Self-Reported Opioid Use Among Patients With HIV Engaged in Care: Results From a National Cohort Study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo estimate the influence of non-medical use of prescription opioids (NMUPO) on heroin initiation among US veterans receiving medical care.
designUsing a multivariable Cox regression model, we analyzed data from a prospective, multi-site, observational study of HIV-infected and an age/race/site-matched control group of HIV-uninfected veterans in care in the United States. Approximately annual behavioral assessments were conducted and contained self-reported measures of NMUPO and heroin use.
settingVeterans Health Administration (VHA) infectious disease and primary care clinics in Atlanta, Baltimore, New York, Houston, Los Angeles, Pittsburgh and Washington, DC.
participantsA total of 3396 HIV-infected and uninfected patients enrolled into the Veterans Aging Cohort Study who reported no life-time NMUPO or heroin use, had no opioid use disorder diagnoses at baseline and who were followed between 2002 and 2012. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome measure was self-reported incident heroin use and the primary exposure of interest was new-onset NMUPO. Our final model was adjusted for socio-demographics, pain interference, prior diagnoses of post-traumatic stress disorder and/or depression and self-reported other substance use.
findingsUsing a multivariable Cox regression model, we found that non-medical use of prescription opioids NMUPO was associated positively and independently with heroin initiation [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 5.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.01, 7.35].
conclusionsNew-onset non-medical use of prescription opioids (NMUPO) is a strong risk factor for heroin initiation among HIV-infected and uninfected veterans in the United States who reported no previous history of NMUPO or illicit opioid use.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.