Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27549569›Full record

ArticleNature communications2016

Global threats from invasive alien species in the twenty-first century and national response capacities.

Regan Early, Bethany A Bradley, Jeffrey S Dukes, Joshua J Lawler, Julian D Olden, Dana M Blumenthal, Patrick Gonzalez, Edwin D Grosholz, Ines Ibañez, Luke P Miller and 2 more

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 231 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
231citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

231 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. Projecting future damage costs of non-native species using combined dynamical and cost-density equations.Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Celtic Invasive Plants database.Scientific data · 2026
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. The impacts of biological invasions.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026
    Review
  20. The spread of non-native species.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026
    Review

171 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Regan EarlyCentre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK.
Bethany A BradleyDepartment of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9285, USA.
Jeffrey S DukesDepartment of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9482-7743
Joshua J LawlerSchool of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2100, USA.
Julian D OldenSchool of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5020, USA.
Dana M BlumenthalUSDA-ARS Rangeland Resources Research Unit, Fort Collins, Colorado 82001, USA.
Patrick GonzalezNatural Resource Stewardship and Science, U.S. National Park Service, Berkeley, California 94720-3114, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7105-0561
Edwin D GrosholzDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Ines IbañezSchool of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1041, USA.
Luke P MillerHopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California 93950, USA.
Cascade J B SorteDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2525, USA.
Andrew J TatemDepartment of Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Invasive alien species (IAS) threaten human livelihoods and biodiversity globally. Increasing globalization facilitates IAS arrival, and environmental changes, including climate change, facilitate IAS establishment. Here we provide the first global, spatial analysis of the terrestrial threat from IAS in light of twenty-first century globalization and environmental change, and evaluate national capacities to prevent and manage species invasions. We find that one-sixth of the global land surface is highly vulnerable to invasion, including substantial areas in developing economies and biodiversity hotspots. The dominant invasion vectors differ between high-income countries (imports, particularly of plants and pets) and low-income countries (air travel). Uniting data on the causes of introduction and establishment can improve early-warning and eradication schemes. Most countries have limited capacity to act against invasions. In particular, we reveal a clear need for proactive invasion strategies in areas with high poverty levels, high biodiversity and low historical levels of invasion.

Indexed as

InternationalityIntroduced SpeciesGeographyHistory, 21st Century

Identifiers

PMID27549569
PMCPMC4996970

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.