Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27549382›Full record

Trial reportThe international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity2016

Cost effectiveness of a multi-component school-based physical activity intervention targeting adolescents: the 'Physical Activity 4 Everyone' cluster randomized trial.

Rachel Sutherland, Penny Reeves, Elizabeth Campbell, David R Lubans, Philip J Morgan, Nicole Nathan, Luke Wolfenden, Anthony D Okely, Karen Gillham, Lynda Davies and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06792461 (A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Implementation of an eHealth Platform for Promoting Healthy Habits Among Adolescents From Socially Disadvantaged Settings), which is not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06792461 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Implementation of an eHealth Platform for Promoting Healthy Habits Among Adolescents From Socially Disadvantaged Settings: the ePro-Schools Project

TypeinterventionalSponsorFundació Sant Joan de DéuRan2025 to 2027Enrolled1,000ConditionsHealth Promotion, Health Education, Physical Activity, NutritionArmsPhysical activity and nutritional behavioural intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
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  9. Interventions for preventing obesity in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Rachel SutherlandHunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, Australia, 2287. Rachel.Sutherland@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au.
Penny ReevesSchool of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.
Elizabeth CampbellHunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, Australia, 2287.
David R LubansPriority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 2308.
Philip J MorganPriority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 2308.
Nicole NathanHunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, Australia, 2287.
Luke WolfendenHunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, Australia, 2287.
Anthony D OkelyEarly Start Research Institute and School of Education, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia, 2500.
Karen GillhamHunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, Australia, 2287.
Lynda DaviesHunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, Australia, 2287.
John WiggersHunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, Australia, 2287.
University of Newcastle Australia · AUHunter New England Local Health District · AUHunter Medical Research Institute · AUIllawarra Health and Medical Research Institute · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFew school-based interventions have been successful in reducing physical activity decline and preventing overweight and obesity in adolescent populations. As a result, few cost effectiveness analyses have been reported. The aim of this paper is to report the cost and cost effectiveness of the Physical Activity 4 Everyone (PA4E1) intervention which was a multi-component intervention implemented in secondary schools located in low-income communities. Cost effectiveness was assessed using both the physical activity and weight status trial outcomes.

methodsIntervention and Study Design: The PA4E1 cluster randomised controlled trial was implemented in 10 Australian secondary schools (5 intervention: 5 control) and consisted of intervention schools receiving seven physical activity promotion strategies and six additional strategies that supported school implementation of the intervention components. Costs associated with physical activity strategies, and intervention implementation strategies within the five intervention schools were estimated and compared to the costs of usual physical activity practices of schools in the control group. The total cost of implementing the intervention was estimated from a societal perspective, based on the number of enrolled students in the target grade at the start of the intervention (Grade 7, n = 837). Economic Outcomes: The economic analysis outcomes were cost and incremental cost effectiveness ratios for the following: minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day gained, MET hours gained per person/day; Body Mass Index (BMI) unit avoided; and 10% reduction in BMI z-score.

resultsThe intervention cost AUD $329,952 over 24 months, or AUD$394 per student in the intervention group. This resulted in a cost effectiveness ratio of AUD$56 ($35-$147) per additional minute of MVPA, AUD$1 ($0.6-$2.7) per MET hour gained per person per day, AUD$1408 ($788-$6,570) per BMI unit avoided, and AUD$563 ($282-$3,942) per 10% reduction in BMI z-score.

conclusionPA4E1 is a cost effective intervention for increasing the physical activity levels and reducing unhealthy weight gain in adolescence, a period in which physical activity typically declines. Additional modelling could explore the potential economic impact of the intervention on morbidity and mortality.

trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000382875.

Indexed as

Cost-Benefit AnalysisExercisePovertySchoolsAdolescentAustraliaBody Mass IndexHealth PromotionHumansNew ZealandObesityResidence CharacteristicsSchool Health ServicesStudentsAdolescentsPhysical activityRandomized controlled trial, Low income, Disadvantaged, Cost effectiveness, EconomicSchool

Identifiers

PMID27549382
PMCPMC4994166
OpenAlexW2515491022

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.