Trial reportJournal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition2016
Effect of Vitamin E With Therapeutic Iron Supplementation on Iron Repletion and Gut Microbiome in US Iron Deficient Infants and Toddlers.
Trial report in Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Isotopically Measured Iron Absorption in Infants and Children Under 2 Years.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of vitamin E supplementation on selected inflammatory biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of a complementary feeding intervention based on iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet on the gut microbiota in 12-18-month-old children: a randomized trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Ursodeoxycholic acid improves liver function via phenylalanine/tyrosine pathway and microbiome remodelling in patients with liver dysfunction.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Iron in Micronutrient Powder Promotes an Unfavorable Gut Microbiota in Kenyan Infants.Nutrients · 2017Trial
- Effects of community-based sales of micronutrient powders on morbidity episodes in preschool children in Western Kenya.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2016Trial
- Trial
- The effects of different forms of vitamin E on gut microbiota, mechanisms, and implications in disease prevention.The Journal of nutritional biochemistry · 2026Review
- Observational
- Programming the Infant Gut: How Maternal and Early Life Nutrition Shape the Infant Microbiome and Long-term Health-A Narrative Review.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
- Food as Medicine for Hypertension: Microbiota as Mediators.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Review
- Iron Deficiency anemia Therapy: Hepcidin, Dosing, Formulations and Adjuvants.Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion · 2025Article
- Sesame Jaggery Ball Supplementation as a Dietary Adjunct Therapy in Treating Moderate Iron Deficiency Anemia Among Children Aged 6-11 Years in South India: An Open-Labeled Randomized Controlled Trial.Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota, nutrients, and depression.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Iron and the Intestinal Microbiome.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Impact of Novel Foods on the Human Gut Microbiome: Current Status.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- The Potential Role of Vitamin E and the Mechanism in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Effect of Oral Iron Supplementation/Fortification on the Gut Microbiota in Infancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effects of food-grade iron(III) oxide nanoparticles on cecal digesta- and mucosa-associated microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in rats.Bioscience of microbiota, food and health · 2024Article
- Maternal Supplementation of Vitamin E or Its Combination with Hydroxytyrosol Increases the Gut Health and Short Chain Fatty Acids of Piglets at Weaning.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIron therapy induces inflammation, which could decrease iron absorption. Increased exposure of iron in the gut could also alter microbiome file. Providing antioxidants such as vitamin E with iron therapy has been associated with reduced oxidative potential.
objectiveThe aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of adding vitamin E to therapeutic iron therapy on iron repletion, inflammation markers, and gut microbiome in iron-deficient infants and toddlers.
designThis was a randomized, double-blind, control trial in which infants and toddlers (Denver, CO metro area) who were at risk of iron deficiency were screened. Eligible participants were randomized to receive iron therapy (6 mg · kg · day) plus placebo (n = 22) or iron (6 mg · kg · day) and vitamin E (18 mg/day, n = 14) for 8 weeks. Iron and inflammation status, and gut microbiome (16S sequencing) were analyzed in all participants before and after the treatment.
resultsAfter 8 weeks of treatment, average serum ferritin level returned to normal for both iron + placebo and iron + vitamin E groups at 33.3 ± 20.2 and 33.5 ± 21.5 μg/L, respectively. Serum vitamin E concentration increased in iron + vitamin E group. No change over time was observed regarding serum interleukin-4, tumor necrosis factor-α, or fecal calprotectin. The relative abundance of the genus Roseburia (phylum Firmicutes), a butyrate producer, increased in the Fe + E group (Δ1.3%, P < 0.01). Also at the genus level, the genus Escherichia decreased by 1.2% on average among all participants (effect of time P = 0.01).
conclusionsUsing a therapeutic iron dose of 6 mg · kg · day is effective in treating iron deficiency during an 8-week period, without inducing persistent inflammatory response. Changes of the gut microbiome raised the possibility that antioxidant therapy in conjunction with therapeutic iron supplementation could potentially improve microbial community profiles in the intestinal tract.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.