ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2016
Medication usage, treatment intensification, and medical cost in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective database study.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medication De-escalation in Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of Evidence-Based Strategies for Combination Therapy Reduction.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Insulin Pumps for Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Article
- Time to Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus among Korean Adults with Hyperglycemia: Using a Community-Based Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Effect of Diabetes-Trained Nurse Practitioners on Glycemic Outcomes: Their Suggested Use in Busy Primary Care Practices.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2021Article
- Descriptive Analysis of Long- and Intermediate-Acting Insulin and Key Safety Outcomes in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2019Article
- Estimating the Impact of Novel Digital Therapeutics in Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension: Health Economic Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2019Article
- Effect of Remote Glucose Monitoring Utilizing Computerized Insulin Dose Adjustment Algorithms: A Pilot Project.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019Article
- Treatment Intensification in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study of 2-OAD Regimens, GLP-1 RAs, or Basal Insulin.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018 · on this mapArticle
- Health Care Burden in Patients With Adrenal Insufficiency.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe goal of this study was to describe medication usage patterns in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) initiating treatment with non-insulin antidiabetic drugs (NIADs), basal insulin, or prandial/mixed insulin using real-world data. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsA retrospective analysis using the Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases was conducted to identify adults (≥18 years) with T2DM from 2006 to 2012. Patients were categorized into four cohorts based on diabetes treatment. Cohort 1 (n=597 664) consisted of newly diagnosed patients who did not receive any treatment, cohort 2 (n=342 511) included NIAD initiators, cohort 3 (n=99 578) included basal insulin initiators, and cohort 4 (n=62 876) included prandial/mixed insulin initiators. Patients transitioned out of a cohort once they met the criteria for the next one.
resultsPatients in cohort 2 were younger (56.2 years, SD±12.1) than patients in cohorts 1, 3, and 4 (58 years, SD±0.75). Metformin was the most commonly prescribed drug in cohort 2 patients. Basal insulin usage decreased from 71% in year 1 to 47% in year 4, in cohort 3 patients. Approximately one-third of these patients switched to prandial/mixed insulin each year. In cohort 4, the usage of prandial/mixed insulin decreased to 61% by year 4. Use of basal insulin and NIAD remained common in this group. Mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values decreased by ∼1% for each of the treatment cohorts following treatment initiation and remained stable during follow-up. All-cause and diabetes-related medical costs were highest for patients in cohorts 3 and 4.
conclusionsOverall, our findings demonstrate that treatment intensification was low in all study cohorts despite elevated HbA1c levels during preindex and follow-up period.
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