Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27544621›Full record

ArticleJournal of biomechanics2016

Quantifying Achilles tendon force in vivo from ultrasound images.

Taylor J M Dick, Allison S Arnold, James M Wakeling

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biomechanics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Effects of muscle mass on muscle force predictions in human movement.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Improved Fascicle Length Estimates From Ultrasound Using a U-net-LSTM Framework.IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings] · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Taylor J M DickDepartment of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. Electronic address: taylor_dick@sfu.ca.
Allison S ArnoldConcord Field Station, Harvard University, Bedford, MA, USA.
James M WakelingDepartment of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
Simon Fraser University · CAHarvard University · US

Funding

Assessment and Evaluation of Hill-type Muscle Models for Predicting In Vivo ForceR01AR055648 · NIAMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI BIEWENER, ANDREW A · 2008 to 2017
$3.2M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR055648
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluated a procedure for estimating in vivo Achilles tendon (AT) force from ultrasound images. Two aspects of the procedure were tested: (i) accounting for subject-specific AT stiffness and (ii) accounting for changes in the relative electromyographic (EMG) intensities of the three triceps surae muscles. Ten cyclists pedaled at 80rpm while a comprehensive set of kinematic, kinetic, EMG, and ultrasound data were collected. Subjects were tested at four crank loads, ranging from 14 to 44Nm (115 to 370W). AT forces during cycling were estimated from AT length changes and from AT stiffness, which we derived for each subject from ultrasound data and from plantar flexion torques measured during isometric tests. AT length changes were measured by tracking the muscle-tendon junction of the medial gastrocnemius (MG) relative to its insertion on the calcaneus. Because the relative EMG intensities of the triceps surae muscles varied with load during cycling, we divided subjects׳ measured AT length changes by a scale factor, defined as the square root of the relative EMG intensity of the MG, weighted by the fractional physiological cross-sectional areas of the three muscles, to estimate force. Subjects׳ estimated AT forces during cycling increased with load (p<0.05). On average, peak forces ranged from 920±96N (14Nm, 115W) to 1510±129N (44Nm, 370W). For most subjects, ankle moments derived from the ultrasound-based AT strains were 5-12% less than the net ankle moments calculated from inverse dynamics (r

Indexed as

Mechanical PhenomenaUltrasonographyAchilles TendonAdultAnkleBiomechanical PhenomenaElectromyographyFemaleFootHumansMaleMuscle, SkeletalTorqueAnkle momentMuscle forceTendon stiffnessUltrasound

Identifiers

PMID27544621
PMCPMC5074891
OpenAlexW2483269234

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.