ArticleJournal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer2016
Malignant Mesothelioma Effusions Are Infiltrated by CD3
Article in Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiotoxicity in cancer immunotherapy: a systematic review and global meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- JAVELIN Head and Neck 100: a Phase III trial of avelumab and chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck cancer.Future oncology (London, England) · 2019Trial
- Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment in mesothelioma: from immune suppression to therapeutic opportunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neoadjuvant immunotherapy in a solitary, isolated peritoneal mesothelioma involving the abdominal wall: a case report.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Pembrolizumab as an effective treatment for diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with long‑term survival: A case report and literature review.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Article
- Stem-like exhausted CD8 T cells in pleural effusions predict improved survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and mesothelioma.Translational lung cancer research · 2024Article
- Article
- Fcγ receptors and immunomodulatory antibodies in cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2024Review
- Narrative review on efficacy and safety of anti-angiogenesis in combination with immunotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer.Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer · 2024Review
- Advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors induced-cardiotoxicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- A PD-L1-targeting chimeric switch receptor enhances efficacy of CAR-T cell for pleural and peritoneal metastasis.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Article
- Advances in the management of peritoneal malignancies.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2022Review
- Matter of TIME: the tumor-immune microenvironment of mesothelioma and implications for checkpoint blockade efficacy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Review
- Article
- Review
- Higher concordance of PD-L1 expression between biopsies and effusions in epithelioid than in nonepithelioid pleural mesothelioma.Cancer cytopathology · 2021Article
- Depleting Tumor Cells Expressing Immune Checkpoint Ligands-A New Approach to Combat Cancer.Cells · 2021Review
- Prognostic impact of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma: an international multicenter study.Translational lung cancer research · 2021Article
- Identification of distinct immune landscapes using an automated nine-color multiplex immunofluorescence staining panel and image analysis in paraffin tumor tissues.Scientific reports · 2021Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe functional aspects of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoints in malignant mesothelioma have not been studied.
methodsTumor samples from 65 patients with mesothelioma were evaluated for PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry, and its prognostic significance was examined. Malignant effusions from patients with pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma were evaluated for PD-1-positive and PD-L1-positive infiltrating lymphocytes and their role in inducing PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of avelumab, a fully humanized immunoglobulin G1 anti PD-L1 antibody against primary mesothelioma cell lines, was evaluated in presence of autologous and allogeneic natural killer cells.
resultsOf 65 pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma tumors examined, 41 (63%) were PD-L1-positive, which was associated with slightly inferior overall survival compared to patients with PD-L1-negative tumors (median 23.0 versus 33.3 months, p = 0.35). The frequency of PD-L1 expression was similar in patients with pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma, with 62% and 64% of samples testing positive, respectively. In nine mesothelioma effusion samples evaluated, the fraction of cells expressing PD-L1 ranged from 12% to 83%. In seven patients with paired malignant effusion and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples, PD-L1 expression was significantly higher on CD3-positive T cells present in malignant effusions as compared with PBMCs (p = 0.016). In addition, the numbers of CD14-positive PD-1-positive cells were increased in malignant effusions compared with PBMCs (p = 0.031). The lymphocytes present in malignant effusions recognized autologous tumor cells and induced interferon-γ-mediated PD-L1 expression on the tumor cell surface. Of the three primary mesothelioma cell lines tested, two were susceptible to avelumab-mediated ADCC in the presence of autologous natural killer cells.
conclusionsMost pleural as well as peritoneal mesotheliomas express PD-L1. Malignant effusions in this disease are characterized by the presence of tumor cells and CD3-positive T cells that highly express PD-L1. In addition, mesothelioma tumor cells are susceptible to ADCC by the anti-PD-L1 antibody avelumab.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.