Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27540084›Full record

ArticleNeuro-oncology2016

Presence of cerebral microbleeds is associated with worse executive function in pediatric brain tumor survivors.

Erika Roddy, Katherine Sear, Erin Felton, Benita Tamrazi, Karen Gauvain, Joseph Torkildson, Benedict Del Buono, David Samuel, Daphne A Haas-Kogan, Josephine Chen and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuro-oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. First Case Report of a Dog With Intracranial Granular Cell Tumor Treated With Stereotactic Radiotherapy.Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Medical and Neurological Management of Brain Tumor Complications.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2021
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Neurotoxic Effects of Childhood Cancer Therapy and Its Potential Neurocognitive Impact.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2021
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Rate of radiation-induced microbleed formation on 7T MRI relates to cognitive impairment in young patients treated with radiation therapy for a brain tumor.Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2021
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Erika RoddySchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Katherine SearSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Erin FeltonSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Benita TamraziSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Karen GauvainSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Joseph TorkildsonSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Benedict Del BuonoSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
David SamuelSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Daphne A Haas-KoganSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Josephine ChenSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Robert E GoldsbySchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Anuradha BanerjeeSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Janine M LupoSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Annette M MolinaroSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Heather J FullertonSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.).
Sabine MuellerSchool of Medicine University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California (E.R.); Department of Neurology UCSF, San Francisco, California (K.S., E.F., B.D.B., H.J.F., S.M.); D epartment of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri (K.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California (J.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, California (D.S.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.H.-K.); Department of Radiation Oncology UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.C.); Department of Pediatrics UCSF, San Francisco, California (R.E.G., A.B., S.M.); Department of Neurological Surgery UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.B., A.M.M., S.M.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging UCSF, San Francisco, California (J.M.L.); Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology UCSF, San Francisco, California (A.M.M.) sabine.mueller@ucsf.edu.

Funding

Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational SciencesUL1TR000448 · NCATS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI EVANOFF, BRADLEY A · 2012 to 2016
$41.4M
Institutional Career Development CoreKL2TR001862 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CANTLEY, LLOYD G, EDELMAN, E. JENNIFER · 2016 to 2025
$12.2M
Clinical and Transtional Science InstituteKL2TR000143 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GRANDIS, JENNIFER RUBIN · 2012 to 2015
$11.9M
MICROBLEEDS AS A MARKER OF RADIATION-INDUCED BRAIN INJURY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTSR01HD079568 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LUPO, JANINE MARIE · 2015 to 2019
$2.5M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR000143NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001862NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000448NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD079568
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA specific form of small-vessel vasculopathy-cerebral microbleeds (CMBs)-has been linked to various types of dementia in adults. We assessed the incidence of CMBs and their association with neurocognitive function in pediatric brain tumor survivors.

methodsIn a multi-institutional cohort of 149 pediatric brain tumor patients who received cranial radiation therapy (CRT) between 1987 and 2014 at age <21 years and 16 patients who did not receive CRT, we determined the presence of CMBs on brain MRIs. Neurocognitive function was assessed using a computerized testing program (CogState). We used survival analysis to determine cumulative incidence of CMBs and Poisson regression to examine risk factors for CMBs. Linear regression models were used to assess effect of CMBs on neurocognitive function.

resultsThe cumulative incidence of CMBs was 48.8% (95% CI: 38.3-60.5) at 5 years. Children who had whole brain irradiation developed CMBs at a rate 4 times greater than those treated with focal irradiation (P < .001). In multivariable analysis, children with CMBs performed worse on the Groton Maze Learning test (GML) compared with those without CMBs (Z-score -1.9; 95% CI: -2.7, -1.1; P < .001), indicating worse executive function when CMBs are present. CMBs in the frontal lobe were associated with worse performance on the GML (Z-score -2.4; 95% CI: -2.9, -1.8; P < .001). Presence of CMBs in the temporal lobes affected verbal memory (Z-score -2.0; 95% CI: -3.3, -0.7; P = .005).

conclusionCMBs are common and associated with neurocognitive dysfunction in pediatric brain tumor survivors treated with radiation.

Indexed as

Executive FunctionAdolescentAdultBrain NeoplasmsCerebral HemorrhageChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNeuropsychological TestsRadiotherapyRisk FactorsSurvivorscerebral microbleedscranial radiation therapylate effects of tumor therapyneurocognitive functionpediatric brain tumor survivors.

Identifiers

PMID27540084
PMCPMC5063522

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.