ArticleJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2016
Dynamic Modulation of Microglia/Macrophage Polarization by miR-124 after Focal Cerebral Ischemia.
Article in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Pathogenesis and Promising Therapies.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Pooled it
- MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Ischemic Stroke from the Perspective of Inflammation.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Engineered Exosomal miRNAs for Post-Stroke Neural Repair: Mechanisms, Delivery Strategies, and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- The interaction of tPA with NMDAR1 drives neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in α-synuclein-mediated neurotoxicity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- MiR-30c-5p-Targeted Regulation of GNAI2 Improves Neural Function Injury and Inflammation in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Posttranscriptional regulation ofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- miR-154-5p Is a Novel Endogenous Ligand for TLR7 Inducing Microglial Activation and Neuronal Injury.Cells · 2024Article
- Review
- Extracellular vesicles and their microRNA cargo in ischaemic stroke.The Journal of physiology · 2023Article
- Engineered Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Translational Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers in the Brain, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Blood After Ischemic Stroke.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- Opposing effects of β-2 and β-1 adrenergic receptor signaling on neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neuron survival in α-synuclein-mediated neurotoxicity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Modulating neuroinflammation through molecular, cellular and biomaterial-based approaches to treat spinal cord injury.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2023Review
- Microglial Activation in Metal Neurotoxicity: Impact in Neurodegenerative Diseases.BioMed research international · 2023Review
- Microglia dynamic response and phenotype heterogeneity in neural regeneration following hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- miR-124: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Central Nervous System Injuries and Diseases.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- Reference gene identification for normalisation of RT-qPCR analysis in plasma samples of the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
- [Long noncoding RNA ZEB1-AS1 aggravates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats through the HMGB1/TLR-4 signaling axis].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2022Article
- KDM2B overexpression prevents myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through regulating inflammatory response via the TLR4/NF-κB p65 axis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- The dual function of microglial polarization and its treatment targets in ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mononuclear phagocytes respond to ischemic stroke dynamically, undergoing an early anti-inflammatory and protective phenotype followed by the pro-inflammatory and detrimental type. These dual roles of microglia/macrophages suggest the need of subtle adjustment of their polarization state instead of broad suppression. The most abundant brain-specific miRNA, miR-124, promotes neuronal differentiation but can also modulate microglia activation and keeps them in a quiescent state. We addressed whether the intracerebral injection of miR-124 in a mouse model of ischemic stroke before or after the peak phase of the pro-inflammatory polarization modifies the pro-/anti- inflammatory balance. In the sub-acute phase, 48 h after stroke, liposomated miR-124 shifted the predominantly pro-inflammatory polarized microglia/macrophages toward the anti-inflammatory phenotype. The altered immune response improved neurological deficit at day 6 after stroke. When miR-124 was injected 10 days after stroke, the pro-/anti- inflammatory ratio was still significantly reduced although to a lower degree and had no effect on recovery at day 14. This study indicates that miR-124 administration before the peak of the pro-inflammatory process of stroke is most effective in support of increasing the rehabilitation opportunity in the sub-acute phases of stroke. Our findings highlight the important role of immune cells after stroke and the therapeutic relevance of their polarization balance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.