ReviewJournal of electrocardiology
Global electrical heterogeneity: A review of the spatial ventricular gradient.
Review in Journal of electrocardiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Peak QRS/T ratio and the spatial ventricular gradient differentiate acute vs chronic left bundle branch block after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.Heart rhythm O2 · 2026Article
- The spatial ventricular gradient is a non-invasive, vectorcardiographic correlate of cardiac fibrosis.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026Article
- Larger spatial ventricular gradient magnitude is associated with higher rates of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy.Heart rhythm O2 · 2025Article
- Electrical Heterogeneity in Hispanic Background Subpopulations: The HCHS/SOL.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Latent profiles of global electrical heterogeneity: the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.European heart journal. Digital health · 2024Article
- Competing risks of monomorphic vs. non-monomorphic ventricular arrhythmias in primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator recipients: Global Electrical Heterogeneity and Clinical Outcomes (GEHCO) study.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024Article
- The Impact of Coronary Sinus Reducer on Arrhythmic Properties in Patients with Refractory Angina.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- The spatial ventricular gradient is associated with adverse outcomes in acute pulmonary embolism.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2023Article
- The Spatial Ventricular Gradient Is an Independent Predictor of Anthracycline-Associated Cardiotoxicity.JACC. Advances · 2023Article
- Intra-Individual Comparison of Sinus and Ectopic Beats Probing the Ventricular Gradient's Activation Dependence.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Article
- The value of ventricular gradient for predicting pulmonary hypertension and mortality in hemodialysis patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Competing risks in patients with primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: Global Electrical Heterogeneity and Clinical Outcomes study.Heart rhythm · 2021Article
- Electrocardiogram machine learning for detection of cardiovascular disease in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study.European heart journal. Digital health · 2021Article
- Characteristics of Cardiac Memory in Patients with Implanted Cardioverter-defibrillators: The Cardiac Memory with Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillator (CAMI) Study.The Journal of innovations in cardiac rhythm management · 2021Article
- Article
- Global electrical heterogeneity associated with drug-induced torsades de pointes.Heart rhythm · 2021Article
- Changes in global electrical heterogeneity associated with dofetilide, quinidine, ranolazine, and verapamil.Heart rhythm · 2020Article
- Bringing Critical Race Praxis Into the Study of Electrophysiological Substrate of Sudden Cardiac Death: The ARIC Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Dynamic predictive accuracy of electrocardiographic biomarkers of sudden cardiac death within a survival framework: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The ventricular gradient, an electrocardiographic concept calculated by integrating the area under the QRS complex and T-wave, represents the degree and direction of myocardial electrical heterogeneity. Although the concept of the ventricular gradient was first introduced in the 1930s, it has not yet found a place in routine electrocardiography. In the modern era, it is relatively simple to calculate the ventricular gradient in three dimensions (the spatial ventricular gradient (SVG)), and there is now renewed interest in using the SVG as a tool for risk stratification of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. This manuscript will review the history of the ventricular gradient, describe its electrophysiological meaning and significance, and discuss its clinical utility.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.