ArticleAJNR. American journal of neuroradiology2016
Early Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Children Is Associated with Diffuse White Matter Structural Abnormality and Corpus Callosum Sparing.
Article in AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Application of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in the Diagnosis of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND): A Meta-Analysis and a System Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Cognitive outcomes at ages seven and nine years in South African children from the children with HIV early antiretroviral (CHER) trial: a longitudinal investigation.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- White Matter Changes in Cases with Unilateral Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Indicated by Diffusion Tensor Imaging Based on Tract-Based Spatial Statistics.The journal of international advanced otology · 2025Article
- Understanding the impact of congenital infections and perinatal viral exposures on the developing brain using white matter magnetic resonance imaging: a scoping review.BMC medical imaging · 2024Article
- Motivation levels and white matter microstructure in children living with HIV.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Reduced white matter maturation in the central auditory system of children living with HIV.Frontiers in neuroimaging · 2024Article
- Persistent accelerated epigenetic ageing in a longitudinal cohort of vertically infected HIV-positive adolescents.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- Similar cortical morphometry trajectories from 5 to 9 years in children with perinatal HIV who started treatment before age 2 years and uninfected controls.BMC neuroscience · 2023Article
- Whole-brain MR spectroscopic imaging reveals regional metabolite abnormalities in perinatally HIV infected young adults.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Article
- Multimodal magnetic resonance neuroimaging measures characteristic of early cART-treated pediatric HIV: A feature selection approach.Human brain mapping · 2022Article
- Altered White Matter Tracts in the Somatosensory, Salience, Motor, and Default Mode Networks in 7-Year-Old Children Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Tractographic Analysis.Brain connectivity · 2022Article
- Accelerated epigenetic aging in adolescents living with HIV is associated with altered development of brain structures.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- Longitudinal white matter alterations in SIVmac239-infected rhesus monkeys with and without regular cART treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Reduced neuronal population in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in infant macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV).Journal of neurovirology · 2021Article
- Multivariate approach for longitudinal analysis of brain metabolite levels from ages 5-11 years in children with perinatal HIV infection.NeuroImage · 2021Article
- Neurocognitive Complications of Pediatric HIV Infections.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
- Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging of white matter integrity in patients with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Diffusion tensor imaging point to ongoing functional impairment in HIV-infected children at age 5, undetectable using standard neurodevelopmental assessments.AIDS research and therapy · 2020Article
- Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeFractional anisotropy in the frontal white matter, corpus callosum, and internal capsule is abnormal in human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) adults. We describe the distribution and nature of white matter abnormalities in a cohort of children who started antiretroviral therapy within the first year of life and the benefit of early treatment by using DTI measures (fractional anisotropy and mean, axial, and radial diffusion). MATERIALS AND
methodsDTI was performed on children in a neurodevelopmental substudy from the Children with HIV Early Antiretroviral trial. Voxel-based group comparisons were obtained to determine regions where fractional anisotropy and mean diffusion differed between HIV+ and uninfected children. Associations of DTI parameters with the timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation were examined.
resultsThirty-nine HIV+ children (15 boys; mean age, 5.4 years) and 13 controls (5 boys; mean age, 5.7 years) were scanned. Two clusters with lower fractional anisotropy and 7 clusters with increased mean diffusion were identified in the HIV+ group, with symmetric distribution predominantly due to increased radial diffusion, suggestive of decreased myelination. Corticospinal tracts rather than the corpus callosum were predominantly involved. Children on early-interrupted antiretroviral therapy had lower fractional anisotropy compared with those receiving continuous treatment.
conclusionsHIV+ children at 5 years of age have white matter abnormalities measured by fractional anisotropy, despite early antiretroviral therapy, suggesting that early antiretroviral therapy does not fully protect the white matter from either peripartum or in utero infection. In contrast to adults, the corticospinal tracts are predominantly involved rather than the corpus callosum, possibly due to early antiretroviral therapy. Continuous early antiretroviral therapy can limit white matter damage.
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