Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27538783›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2016

Using supply side evidence to inform oral artemisinin monotherapy replacement in Myanmar: a case study.

Hnin Su Su Khin, Tin Aung, Moe Aung, Aung Thi, Matt Boxshall, ACTwatch Group, Chris White

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Quality Testing of Artemisinin-Based Antimalarial Drugs in Myanmar.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2017
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Hnin Su Su KhinPopulation Services International Myanmar, No. 16, West Shwe Gon Taing Street 4, Yangon, Myanmar. hsskhin@psimyanmar.org.
Tin AungPopulation Services International Myanmar, No. 16, West Shwe Gon Taing Street 4, Yangon, Myanmar.
Moe AungPopulation Services International Myanmar, No. 16, West Shwe Gon Taing Street 4, Yangon, Myanmar.
Aung ThiNational Malaria Control Programme, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health and Sports, Naypyidaw, Myanmar.
Matt BoxshallMarie Stopes International, 1 Conway Street, Fitzroy Square, London, W1T 6LP, UK.
ACTwatch Group
Chris WhiteDivision of Global Policy and Advocacy, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.
Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit · MMMarie Stopes International · GBGates Foundation · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn 2012, alarmingly high rates of oral artemisinin monotherapy availability and use were detected along Eastern Myanmar, threatening efforts to halt the spread of artemisinin resistance in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), and globally. The aim of this paper is to exemplify how the use of supply side evidence generated through the ACTwatch project shaped the artemisinin monotherapy replacement malaria (AMTR) project's design and interventions to rapidly displace oral artemisinin monotherapy with subsidized, quality-assured ACT in the private sector.

methodsThe AMTR project was implemented as part of the Myanmar artemisinin resistance containment (MARC) framework along Eastern Myanmar. Guided by outlet survey and supply chain evidence, the project implemented a high-level subsidy, including negotiations with a main anti-malarial distributor, with the aim of squeezing oral artemisinin monotherapy out of the market through price competition and increased availability of quality-assured artemisinin-based combinations. This was complemented with a plethora of demand-creation activities targeting anti-malarial providers and consumers. Priority outlet types responsible for the distribution of oral artemisinin monotherapy were identified by the outlet survey, and this evidence was used to target the AMTR project's supporting interventions.

conclusionsThe widespread availability and use of oral artemisinin monotherapy in Myanmar has been a serious threat to malaria control and elimination in the country and across the region. Practical anti-malarial market evidence was rapidly generated and used to inform private sector approaches to address these threats. The program design approach outlined in this paper is illustrative of the type of evidence generation and use that will be required to ensure effective containment of artemisinin drug resistance and progress toward regional and global malaria elimination goals.

Indexed as

Drug UtilizationAntimalarialsArtemisininsCross-Sectional StudiesDrug TherapyHumansMyanmarAntimalarialsartemisininArtemisininsAntimalarial drug resistanceMalaria eliminationMyanmarOutlet surveyProgram designSupply survey

Identifiers

PMID27538783
PMCPMC4991075
OpenAlexW2511759458

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.