ArticlePloS one2016
Differences of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Disease Severity in Four Major Dementias.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia associated with vascular impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025Pooled it
- Neuropsychiatric Inventory domains cluster into neuropsychiatric syndromes in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Brain and behavior · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Dementia Patients: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of deprescribing antidepressants in nursing home residents with dementia-a cluster randomized controlled trial.BMC primary care · 2025Trial
- White Matter Hyperintensities and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Caregiver burden and quality of life associated with behavioral and psychological symptoms of Alzheimer's disease: A web-based cross-sectional survey study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Patterns and Trajectories of Behavioral and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Frontotemporal Dementia and Primary Progressive Aphasia.Neurology · 2026Observational
- Uncovering sex patterns in BPSD among home-care patients: longitudinal findings from a population-based registry - digital dementia registry Bavaria.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Using Crowdsourcing Internet of Things Technology to Reduce Caregiver Worry in Dementia-Related Lost Episodes: Longitudinal Observational Study.JMIR human factors · 2025Observational
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Tools to Identify Anxiety Symptoms and Disorders in Persons with Dementia: a Systematic Review Update.Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ · 2025Review
- Neural Basis of Anxiety in Dementia With Lewy Bodies.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2025Article
- Clinical and Neuroimaging Features of Tactile Hallucinations in Patients With Dementia With Lewy Bodies: A Cross-Sectional Study.Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society · 2025Observational
- Identifying suppressive factors of Alzheimer's disease through comprehensive analysis of real-world data: a single-center retrospective study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- The Canadian Coalition for Seniors' Mental Health Canadian Clinical Practice Guidelines for Assessing and Managing Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD).Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ · 2025Article
- Behavioral disorders in dementia with Lewy bodies: old and new knowledge.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Review
- Proposed Mechanism of Action for Three Music-Based Interventions for Behavioral and Psychologic Symptoms of Dementia.Music therapy perspectives · 2025Article
- Ameliorating loneliness through Cognitive Stimulation Therapy and the role of baseline loneliness in predicting cognitive, behavioural and psychological benefits in people with dementia.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- A scoping review of the unique landscape and challenges associated with dementia in the Western Pacific region.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- Effects of computerized cognitive training on biomarker responses in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A scoping review.Health science reports · 2024Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsBehavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSDs) negatively impact the prognosis of dementia patients and increase caregiver distress. The aims of this study were to clarify the differences of trajectories of 12 kinds of BPSDs by disease severity in four major dementias and to develop charts showing the frequency, severity, and associated caregiver distress (ACD) of BPSDs using the data of a Japan multicenter study (J-BIRD).
methodsWe gathered Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) data of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = 1091), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB; n = 249), vascular dementia (VaD; n = 156), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD; n = 102) collected during a 5-year period up to July 31, 2013 in seven centers for dementia in Japan. The NPI composite scores (frequency × severity) of 12 kinds of items were analyzed using a principal component analysis (PCA) in each dementia. The factor scores of the PCA were compared in each dementia by disease severity, which was determined with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR).
resultsSignificant increases with higher CDR scores were observed in 1) two of the three factor scores which were loaded for all items except euphoria in AD, 2) two of the four factor scores for apathy, aberrant motor behavior (AMB), sleep disturbances, agitation, irritability, disinhibition, and euphoria in DLB, and 3) one of the four factor scores for apathy, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances in VaD. However, no increases were observed in any of the five factor scores in FTLD.
conclusionsAs dementia progresses, several BPSDs become more severe, including 1) apathy and sleep disturbances in AD, DLB, and VaD, 2) all of the BPSDs except euphoria in AD, 3) AMB, agitation, irritability, disinhibition, and euphoria in DLB, and 4) depression and anxiety in VaD. Trajectories of BPSDs in FTLD were unclear.
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