ReviewProceedings. Biological sciences2016
How old are bacterial pathogens?
Review in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Genome-wide accumulations of non-random adaptive point mutations drive westward evolution of Helicobacter pylori.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Whole-genome sequencing analyses and antibiotic resistance situation of 48 Helicobacter pylori strains isolated in Zhejiang, China.Gut pathogens · 2024Article
- Population genomics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli uncovers high connectivity between urban and rural communities in Ecuador.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Phylogenetic reconciliation.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- A scalable analytical approach from bacterial genomes to epidemiology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Systems-Based Approach for Optimization of Assembly-Free Bacterial MLST Mapping.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Emergence of epidemic diseases: zoonoses and other origins.Faculty reviews · 2022Review
- Additive Uncorrelated Relaxed Clock Models for the Dating of Genomic Epidemiology Phylogenies.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Metagenomics of the modern and historical human oral microbiome with phylogenetic studies onPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Article
- Review
- The Recovery, Interpretation and Use of Ancient Pathogen Genomes.Current biology : CB · 2020Review
- A Significant Question in Cancer Risk and Therapy: Are Antibiotics Positive or Negative Effectors? Current Answers and Possible Alternatives.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- A seventeenth-century Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome supports a Neolithic emergence of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.Genome biology · 2020Article
- Ancient familial Mediterranean fever mutations in human pyrin and resistance to Yersinia pestis.Nature immunology · 2020Article
- The EnteroBase user's guide, with case studies onGenome research · 2020Article
- THE EXPOSOME IN HUMAN EVOLUTION: FROM DUST TO DIESEL.The Quarterly review of biology · 2019Article
- Historical and genomic data reveal the influencing factors on global transmission velocity of plague during the Third Pandemic.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Pan-genome Analysis of Ancient and Modern Salmonella enterica Demonstrates Genomic Stability of the Invasive Para C Lineage for Millennia.Current biology : CB · 2018Article
- The Role of aDNA in Understanding the Coevolutionary Patterns of Human Sexually Transmitted Infections.Genes · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Only few molecular studies have addressed the age of bacterial pathogens that infected humans before the beginnings of medical bacteriology, but these have provided dramatic insights. The global genetic diversity of Helicobacter pylori, which infects human stomachs, parallels that of its human host. The time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of these bacteria approximates that of anatomically modern humans, i.e. at least 100 000 years, after calibrating the evolutionary divergence within H. pylori against major ancient human migrations. Similarly, genomic reconstructions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of tuberculosis, from ancient skeletons in South America and mummies in Hungary support estimates of less than 6000 years for the tMRCA of M. tuberculosis Finally, modern global patterns of genetic diversity and ancient DNA studies indicate that during the last 5000 years plague caused by Yersinia pestis has spread globally on multiple occasions from China and Central Asia. Such tMRCA estimates provide only lower bounds on the ages of bacterial pathogens, and additional studies are needed for realistic upper bounds on how long humans and animals have suffered from bacterial diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.