ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2017
Differential Impact of Risk Factors in Blacks and Whites in the Development of Atrial Fibrillation: the Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial and Ethnic Representation and Study Engagement in a Siteless Digital Clinical Trial Using a Smartwatch: Findings From the Apple Heart Study.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health · 2025Article
- Atrial fibrillation in Black American patients: A review of genetics, risk factors, and outcomes.Heart rhythm · 2025Review
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Use and Outcomes With WATCHMAN FLX: A SURPASS Analysis of the NCDR Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Registry.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Ethnic Differences in the Risk and Outcomes of Atrial Fibrillation: Still More Questions Than Answers.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Resting Heart Rate and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Black Adults in the Jackson Heart Study.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Global Burden of Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter by National Income: Results From the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Database.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- COVID-19 pandemic and trends in new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation: A nationwide analysis of claims data.PloS one · 2023Article
- U-Shaped Association Between Blood Pressure and Mortality Risk in ICU Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The MIMIC-III Database.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Review
- Relation of Atrial Fibrillation to Cognitive Decline (from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke [REGARDS] Study).The American journal of cardiology · 2021Article
- Race, Body Mass Index, and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Maltreatment timing, HPA axis functioning, multigenic risk, and depressive symptoms in African American youth: Differential associations without moderated mediation.Development and psychopathology · 2020Article
- Differences by Race/Ethnicity in the Prevalence of Clinically Detected and Monitor-Detected Atrial Fibrillation: MESA.Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology · 2020Article
- Racial Differences in Atrial Fibrillation Epidemiology, Management, and Outcomes.Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine · 2019Review
- Sex and Race/Ethnicity Differences in Atrial Fibrillation.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2019Review
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Atrial Fibrillation: Honing in on Race-Specific Susceptibilities.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2018Article
- Race, Sex, Age, and Regional Differences in the Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Atrial Fibrillation: Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2018Article
- Fasting and post-glucose load measures of insulin resistance and risk of incident atrial fibrillation: The Cardiovascular Health Study.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2018Observational
- Diabetes and Arrhythmias: Pathophysiology, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Outcomes.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- [Risk factors for recurrence of large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite a higher prevalence of risk factors, atrial fibrillation (AF) is less prevalent in blacks than whites. To address this paradox, we examined racial differences in the magnitude of AF risk associated with common risk factors.
methodsParticipants (13,688; mean age = 63 ± 8.4 years; 56 % female; 37 % black) from the Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study who were free of baseline AF were included. Incident AF was identified at a follow-up examination by electrocardiogram and self-reported medical history. Poisson regression was used to compute relative risk (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the association between risk factors and incident AF in blacks and whites, separately. Age- and sex-adjusted population attributable fractions (PAFs) of modifiable AF risk factors were computed.
resultsAfter median follow-up of 9.4 years, 997 (7.3 %) incident AF cases were detected. Black race was associated with a lower risk of AF (RR = 0.46, 95 % CI = 0.39, 0.53). Significant risk factors for AF were age, male sex, hypertension, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. A differential association was detected for smoking by race, with the association being stronger in blacks (RR = 1.41, 95 % CI = 1.07, 1.85) compared with whites (RR = 1.01, 95 % CI = 0.88, 1.16; P interaction = 0.030). The PAFs for hypertension (blacks = 27.4 %, whites = 19.4 %), obesity (blacks = 16.9 %, whites = 11.8 %), and smoking (blacks = 17.9 %, whites = 2.5 %) were higher for blacks than whites.
conclusionModifiable risk factors are important in AF development among blacks despite a lower risk of the arrhythmia. Racial differences in the magnitude of the association of individual AF risk factors do not explain the AF paradox.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.