ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2016
Distribution and Diversity of Pathogenic Leptospira Species in Peri-domestic Surface Waters from South Central Chile.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Environmental Distribution of Pathogenic Leptospira spp. in Subtropical Rivers of Japan and Implications for Human Infection.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Environmental Detection of PathogenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Molecular detection of a Leptospira lineage with high similarity to Leptospira kirschneri in human, environmental, and rodent samples from Gilan Province, Iran: an integrated field and laboratory investigation.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2026Article
- Detection of pathogenic leptospires in water bodies in neighborhoods vulnerable to flooding, through a participatory research approach in Santa Fe (Argentina).PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Backyard Livestock Guinea Pigs Are Reservoirs forTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- High prevalence and diversity ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- DNA metabarcoding analysis revealed a silent prevalence of environmental pathogenicOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- A systematic survey of environmental DNA in Palau's lakes and waterfalls reveals an increase inOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Identifying the Drivers Related to Animal Reservoirs, Environment, and Socio-Demography of Human Leptospirosis in Different Community Types of Southern Chile: An Application of Machine Learning Algorithm in One Health Perspective.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Detection of Antibodies for PathogenicAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Pathogenic Leptospira contamination in the environment: a systematic review.Infection ecology & epidemiology · 2024Review
- Genomic insights into the c-di-GMP signaling and biofilm development in the saprophytic spirochete Leptospira biflexa.Archives of microbiology · 2023Article
- Core genome sequencing and genotyping of Leptospira interrogans in clinical samples by target capture sequencing.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Analysis of human clinical and environmental Leptospira to elucidate the eco-epidemiology of leptospirosis in Yaeyama, subtropical Japan.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Fecal indicator bacteria along multiple environmental exposure pathways (water, food, and soil) and intestinal parasites among children in the rural northwest Ethiopia.BMC gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Human, animal, water source interactions and leptospirosis in Thailand.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Comparative Genomic Analysis and a Novel Set of Missense Mutation of theFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Circulating genotypes of Leptospira in French Polynesia : An 9-year molecular epidemiology surveillance follow-up study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Understanding leptospirosis eco-epidemiology by environmental DNA metabarcoding of irrigation water from two agro-ecological regions of Sri Lanka.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLeptospirosis is a neglected zoonosis affecting animals and humans caused by infection with Leptospira. The bacteria can survive outside of hosts for long periods of time in soil and water. While identification of Leptospira species from human cases and animal reservoirs are increasingly reported, little is known about the diversity of pathogenic Leptospira species in the environment and how surveillance of the environment might be used for monitoring and controlling disease. METHODS AND
findingsWater samples (n = 104) were collected from the peri-domestic environment of 422 households from farms, rural villages, and urban slums participating in a broader study on the eco-epidemiology of leptospirosis in the Los Rios Region, Chile, between October 2010 and April 2012. The secY region of samples, previously detected as pathogenic Leptospira by PCR, was amplified and sequenced. Sequences were aligned using ClustalW in MEGA, and a minimum spanning tree was created in PHYLOViZ using the goeBURST algorithm to assess sequence similarity. Sequences from four clinical isolates, 17 rodents, and 20 reference strains were also included in the analysis. Overall, water samples contained L. interrogans, L. kirschneri, and L. weilii, with descending frequency. All species were found in each community type. The distribution of the species differed by the season in which the water samples were obtained. There was no evidence that community-level prevalence of Leptospira in dogs, rodents, or livestock influenced pathogen diversity in the water samples.
conclusionsThis study reports the presence of pathogenic Leptospira in the peri-domestic environment of households in three community types and the differences in Leptospira diversity at the community level. Systematic environmental surveillance of Leptospira can be used for detecting changes in pathogen diversity and to identify and monitor contaminated areas where an increased risk of human infection exists.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.