ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2016
Resistance to Macrolide Antibiotics in Public Health Pathogens.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 126 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
126 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 231 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Tanzania: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Clinically important interactions of macrolides and tetracyclines with dietary interventions-a systematic review with meta-analyses.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Pooled it
- Global trends and molecular epidemiology of Azithromycin-resistantOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Feline Endocarditis Caused by Carbapenem-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistance in Gram-positive cocci among GeneXpert-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and apparently healthy individuals in Northwest Ethiopia.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Beyond Ribosomal Mutations: Identification ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- DetectingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A multi-stage computational pipeline andRSC advances · 2026Article
- The Evolution of Symbiosis inBiomolecules · 2026Review
- Metagenomic Insights into Antimicrobial Resistance in Small-Scale Poultry and Cattle Farms.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Bovine Mastitis Therapy at a Crossroads: Pharmacokinetic Barriers, Biofilms, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Emerging Solutions.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Widespread macrolide resistance among rapidly growing mycobacteria due to plasmids containing erm(55).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Resistome, virulome and genomic insights into the silent dissemination ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Key Proteins and Enzymatic Mechanisms Underlying Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Effects of Glutathione on Antibiotic Susceptibility and Resistance in Bacteria: A Comprehensive Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Multidrug-resistantVirulence · 2025Review
- Genetic diversity and evolutionary adaptation of Clostridium paraputrificum, a rare pathogen in humans.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Efflux-Mediated Macrolide Resistance in ClinicalAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
66 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrolide resistance mechanisms can be target-based with a change in a 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue or a mutation in ribosomal protein L4 or L22 affecting the ribosome's interaction with the antibiotic. Alternatively, mono- or dimethylation of A2058 in domain V of the 23S rRNA by an acquired rRNA methyltransferase, the product of an erm (erythromycin ribosome methylation) gene, can interfere with antibiotic binding. Acquired genes encoding efflux pumps, most predominantly mef(A) + msr(D) in pneumococci/streptococci and msr(A/B) in staphylococci, also mediate resistance. Drug-inactivating mechanisms include phosphorylation of the 2'-hydroxyl of the amino sugar found at position C5 by phosphotransferases and hydrolysis of the macrocyclic lactone by esterases. These acquired genes are regulated by either translation or transcription attenuation, largely because cells are less fit when these genes, especially the rRNA methyltransferases, are highly induced or constitutively expressed. The induction of gene expression is cleverly tied to the mechanism of action of macrolides, relying on antibiotic-bound ribosomes stalled at specific sequences of nascent polypeptides to promote transcription or translation of downstream sequences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.